This database contains 166 studies, archived under the term: "Risk Factor Modification"
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Long-term metformin usage and cognitive function among older adults with diabetes
Ng, Tze Pin,
Feng, Liang,
Yap, Keng Bee,
Lee, Tih Shih,
Tan, Chay Hoon,
Winblad, Bengt
Evidence strongly supports the important role of insulin resistance in cognitive decline and dementia and suggests that insulin sensitizers may protect against cognitive decline in diabetic and pre-diabetic individuals. Inconclusive results have been reported in clinical trials of rosiglitazone, an insulin sensitizer that also increases cardiovascular mortality risks. No study has yet reported a protective […]
Encouraging lifestyle behaviour change in mild cognitive impairment patients: Development of appropriate educational material
Neville, Charlotte E.,
McCourt, Hannah J.,
McKinley, Michelle C.,
Lowis, Carole,
Barrett, Suzanne L.,
McGuinness, Bernadette,
Todd, Stephen,
Lawlor, Brian,
Gibb, Matthew,
Coen, Robert F.,
Passmore, Anthony P.,
Woodside, Jayne V.
Objectives: A healthy lifestyle may help maintain cognitive function and reduce the risk of developing dementia. This study employed a focus group approach in order to gain insight into opinions of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) patients, caregivers (CG) and health professionals (HP) regarding lifestyle and its relationship with cognition. The qualitative data were used to […]
Chronic endurance exercise training prevents aging-related cognitive decline in healthy older adults: A randomized controlled trial
Muscari, Antonio,
Giannoni, Claudia,
Pierpaoli, Lucia,
Berzigotti, Annalisa,
Maietta, Pasqualino,
Foschi, Elia,
Ravaioli, Carlo,
Poggiopollini, Guido,
Bianchi, Giampaolo,
Magalotti, Donatella,
Tentoni, Claudio,
Zoli, Marco
Objective: To evaluate the effects of endurance exercise training (EET) on the cognitive status of healthy community-dwelling older adults. Methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted involving community-dwelling older adults from the town of Pianoro (northern Italy). We randomized 120 healthy subjects aged 65–74 years, both genders, to treatment (N = 60) and control (N […]
Cognitive training enhances pre-attentive neurophysiological responses in older adults ‘at risk’ of dementia
Mowszowski, Loren,
Hermens, Daniel F.,
Diamond, Keri,
Norrie, Louisa,
Cockayne, Nicole,
Ward, Philip B.,
Hickie, Ian B.,
Lewis, Simon J. G.,
Batchelor, Jennifer,
Naismith, Sharon L.
Background: With predicted increases in dementia incidence, interventions targeting neuroplasticity and neuroprotection are required. Cognitive Training (CT) is an intervention which has been shown to improve aspects of cognition, but the pathophysiological mechanisms contributing to its efficacy are unknown. Objective:We aimed to explore the neurobiological correlates of CT using Mismatch Negativity (MMN), a neurophysiological marker […]
Ingestion of Chlorella reduced the oxidation of erythrocyte membrane lipids in senior Japanese subjects
Miyazawa, Taiki,
Nakagawa, Kiyotaka,
Takekoshi, Hideo,
Higuchi, Ohki,
Kato, Shunji,
Kondo, Momoko,
Kimura, Fumiko,
Miyazawa, Teruo
Accumulation of phospholipid hydroperoxide (PLOOH) in erythrocyte membranes is an abnormality found in patients with senile dementia, including those with Alzheimer’s disease. In our previous studies, dietary xanthophylls (polar carotenoids such as lutein) were hypothesized to inhibit lipid peroxidation. In the present study, we conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled human trial to assess the impact […]
Effect of a computerized brain exercise program on cognitive performance in older adults
Miller, Karen J.,
Dye, Richelin V.,
Kim, Jeanne,
Jennings, Julia L.,
O'Toole, Elizabeth,
Wong, Julie,
Siddarth, Prabha
Objectives: Research indicates an association between stimulating mental activities and better memory performance as people age, but studies on computerized mental stimulation programs are limited. We explored whether computerized brain training exercises improved cognitive performance in older adults.; Methods: In local retirement communities, a convenience sample was randomized into an intervention group (N = 36), […]
The effects of an aerobic and resistance exercise training program on cognition following stroke
Background: Cognitive benefits obtained from exercise in healthy populations support the idea that aerobic and resistance training (AT+RT) would confer benefit for poststroke recovery. However, there is little evidence regarding the effectiveness of such programs.; Objective: To evaluate the effects of a 6-month exercise program of AT+RT on cognition in consecutively enrolled patients with motor […]
Virgin olive oil supplementation and long-term cognition: the PREDIMED-NAVARRA randomized, trial
Martínez-Lapiscina, Elena H,
Clavero, P.,
Toledo, E.,
San Julian, B.,
Sanchez-Tainta, A.,
Corella, D.,
Lamuela-Raventos, R. M.,
Martinez, J. A.,
Martinez-Gonzalez, M. Á.
Objective: To assess the effect on cognition of a controlled intervention testing Mediterranean diets (MedDiet).; Design: Randomized trial after 6.5 years of nutritional intervention.; Setting: Eight primary care centers affiliated to the University of Navarra.; Participants: A random subsample of 285 participants (95 randomly allocated to each of 3 groups) of the PREDIMED-NAVARRA trial. All […]
Mediterranean diet improves cognition: The PREDIMED-NAVARRA randomised trial
Martínez-Lapiscina, Elena H,
Clavero, Pedro,
Toledo, Estefania,
Estruch, Ramon,
Salas-Salvadó, Jordi,
San Julián, Beatriz,
Sanchez-Tainta, Ana,
Ros, Emilio,
Valls-Pedret, Cinta,
Martinez-Gonzalez, Miguel Á
Objective: Previous observational studies reported beneficial effects of the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) on cognitive function, but results were inconsistent. We assessed the effect on cognition of a nutritional intervention using MedDiets in comparison with a low-fat control diet. Methods: We assessed 522 participants at high vascular risk (44.6% men, age 74.6 ± 5.7 years at […]