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This database contains 19 studies, archived under the term: "risk"

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Infection hospitalization increases risk of dementia in the elderly
Objectives: Severe infections, often requiring ICU admission, have been associated with persistent cognitive dysfunction. Less severe infections are more common and whether they are associated with an increased risk of dementia is unclear. We determined the association of pneumonia hospitalization with risk of dementia in well-functioning older adults.; Design: Secondary analysis of a randomized multicenter […]

Feasibility, safety and preliminary evidence of the effectiveness of a home-based exercise programme for older people with Alzheimer’s disease: a pilot randomized controlled trial
Objective: To evaluate the feasibility and safety of a home-based exercise programme for people with Alzheimer’s disease, and to provide preliminary evidence of programme effectiveness in improving balance and mobility and reducing falls risk.; Design: A randomized controlled trial.; Setting: Community.; Participants: Forty people with mild to moderate Alzheimer’s disease (mean age 81.9, SD 5.72; […]

Impact of smoking on cognitive decline in early old age: the Whitehall II cohort study
Context: Smoking is a possible risk factor for dementia, although its impact may have been underestimated in elderly populations because of the shorter life span of smokers.; Objective: To examine the association between smoking history and cognitive decline in the transition from midlife to old age.; Design: Cohort study.; Setting: The Whitehall II study. The […]

Physical activity program for patients with dementia and their relative caregivers: randomized clinical trial in Primary Health Care (AFISDEMyF study)
Background: The aging of the population has led to the increase of chronic diseases, especially dementia and cardiovascular diseases, and it has become necessary for their relatives to dedicate more time in caregiving.The objective in the first phase of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a Primary Health Care procedure to increase the […]

Patterns of cognitive decline, conversion rates, and predictive validity for 3 models of MCI
Our objective was to compare the predictive ability of different models of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) as a marker of incipient dementia in a longitudinal population-based Canadian sample. We examined the use of existing, well-documented MCI criteria using data from persons who underwent a clinical examination in the second wave of the Canadian Study of […]

Mediterranean diet improves cognition: The PREDIMED-NAVARRA randomised trial
Objective: Previous observational studies reported beneficial effects of the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) on cognitive function, but results were inconsistent. We assessed the effect on cognition of a nutritional intervention using MedDiets in comparison with a low-fat control diet. Methods: We assessed 522 participants at high vascular risk (44.6% men, age 74.6 ± 5.7 years at […]

Menopausal hormone therapy and health outcomes during the intervention and extended poststopping phases of the Women’s Health Initiative randomized trials
Importance: Menopausal hormone therapy continues in clinical use but questions remain regarding its risks and benefits for chronic disease prevention.; Objective: To report a comprehensive, integrated overview of findings from the 2 Women’s Health Initiative (WHI) hormone therapy trials with extended postintervention follow-up.; Design, Setting, and Participants: A total of 27,347 postmenopausal women aged 50 […]

Accelerated cell aging in female APOE-ε4 carriers: implications for hormone therapy use
Apolipoprotein-ε4 (APOE-ε4) is a major genetic risk factor for cognitive decline, Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and early mortality. An accelerated rate of biological aging could contribute to this increased risk. Here, we determined whether APOE-ε4 status impacts leukocyte telomere length (TL) and the rate of cellular senescence in healthy mid-life women and, further, whether hormone replacement […]

The dementia antipsychotic withdrawal trial (DART-AD): long-term follow-up of a randomised placebo-controlled trial
Background: Data from 12-week placebo-controlled trials have led to mounting concerns about increased mortality in patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) who are prescribed antipsychotics; however, there are no mortality data from long-term placebo-controlled trials. We aimed to assess whether continued treatment with antipsychotics in people with AD is associated with an increased risk of mortality.; […]

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