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This database contains 74 studies, archived under the term: "pathology"

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Memantine and brain atrophy in Alzheimer’s disease: a 1-year randomized controlled trial
The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the rate of total brain atrophy (TBA) with serial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), using the Brain Boundary Shift Integral (BBSI), in patients with probable Alzheimer’s disease (AD) over the course of 52 weeks of treatment with memantine or placebo. This was a multi-national, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, […]

Validation of AclarusDx™, a blood-based transcriptomic signature for the diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease
Biomarkers have gained an increased importance in the past years in helping physicians to diagnose Alzheimer’s disease (AD). This study was designed to identify a blood-based, transcriptomic signature that can differentiate AD patients from control subjects. The performance of the signature was then evaluated for robustness in an independent blinded sample population. RNA was extracted […]

Protocol for a randomized controlled trial evaluating the effect of physical activity on delaying the progression of white matter changes on MRI in older adults with memory complaints and mild cognitive impairment: the AIBL Active trial
Background: Older adults free of dementia but with subjective memory complaints (SMC) or mild cognitive impairment (MCI) are considered at increased risk of cognitive decline. Vascular risk factors (VRF), including hypertension, heart disease, smoking, hypercholesterolemia and lack of physical activity (PA) have been identified as modifiable risk factors contributing to cognitive decline, and white matter […]

Acute caffeine administration effect on brain activation patterns in mild cognitive impairment
Previous studies showed that acute caffeine administration enhances task-related brain activation in elderly individuals with preserved cognition. To explore the effects of this widely used agent on cognition and brain activation in early phases of cognitive decline, we performed a double-blinded, placebo-controlled functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study during an n-back working memory task in […]

An MRI substudy of a donepezil clinical trial in mild cognitive impairment
A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) study was conducted as part of an intervention study in subjects with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) to assess donepezil’s treatment effect on brain atrophy. Adults with aMCI were randomly assigned to double-blind treatment with 10 mg/day donepezil hydrochloride or placebo for 48 weeks. Brain MRI scans were acquired at […]

The prevention of hip fracture with menatetrenone and risedronate plus calcium supplementation in elderly patients with Alzheimer disease: a randomized controlled trial
A high incidence of fractures, particularly of the hip, represents an important problem in patients with Alzheimer disease (AD), who are prone to falls and have osteoporosis. We previously found that vitamin K deficiency and low 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD) with compensatory hyperparathyroidism cause reduced bone mineral density (BMD) in female patients with AD. This may […]

Cognitive training changes hippocampal function in mild cognitive impairment: a pilot study
A randomized pilot experiment examined the neural substrates of response to cognitive training in participants with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Participants performed exercises previously demonstrated to improve verbal memory and an active control group performed other computer activities. An auditory-verbal fMRI task was conducted before and after the two-month training program. Verbal memory scores improved […]

Donepezil treatment in Alzheimer’s disease patients with and without cerebrovascular lesions: a preliminary report
Aim: Donepezil has not been evaluated in Korean patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) for up to 1 year. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the differential efficacy of donepezil in Korean AD patients with and without concomitant cerebrovascular lesions (CVL).; Methods: This study was a 48-week open-label trial of donepezil in patients with […]

Effects of a 6-month cognitive intervention on brain metabolism in patients with amnestic MCI and mild Alzheimer’s disease
The effect of cognitive intervention on brain metabolism in AD is largely unexplored. Therefore, we aimed to investigate cognitive parameters and 18FDG PET to test for effects of a cognitive intervention in patients with aMCI or mild AD. Patients with aMCI (N = 24) or mild AD (N = 15) were randomly assigned either to […]

Improved social interaction and increased anterior cingulate metabolism after group reminiscence with reality orientation approach for vascular dementia
A group reminiscence approach (GRA) with reality orientation (RO) is widely used as a psychosocial intervention for dementia. Since clinical effectiveness was reported for the intervention, interest has been directed toward areas of the neuronal network that might be being stimulated. We hypothesized that the frontal lobe associated with social interaction was being stimulated. To […]

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