Venneri, Annalena, McGeown, William J., Shanks, Michael F.

Clinical trials of cholinesterase inhibitor (ChEI) drugs, although generally reporting only minimal improvements in patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD), indicate that a subgroup of patients may respond substantially to treatment. This study aimed to assess the clinically variable ChEI treatment effects in a group of patients with mild AD using a semantic association and an […]

Squitieri, Ferdinando, Orobello, Sara, Cannella, Milena, Martino, Tiziana, Romanelli, Pantaleo, Giovacchini, Giampiero, Frati, Luigi, Mansi, Luigi, Ciarmiello, Andrea

Purpose: Huntington disease (HD) mutation increases gain-of-toxic functions contributing to glutamate-mediated excitotoxicity. Riluzole interferes with glutamatergic neurotransmission, thereby reducing excitotoxicity, enhancing neurite formation in damaged motoneurons and increasing serum concentrations of BDNF, a brain cortex neurotrophin protecting striatal neurons from degeneration.; Methods: We investigated metabolic and volumetric differences in distinct brain areas between 11 riluzole-treated […]

Salloway, S., Sperling, R., Gilman, S., Fox, N. C., Blennow, K., Raskind, M., Sabbagh, M., Honig, L. S., Doody, R., van Dyck, C. H., Mulnard, R., Barakos, J., Gregg, K. M., Liu, E., Lieberburg, I., Schenk, D., Black, R., Grundman, M.

Background: Bapineuzumab, a humanized anti-amyloid-beta (Abeta) monoclonal antibody for the potential treatment of Alzheimer disease (AD), was evaluated in a multiple ascending dose, safety, and efficacy study in mild to moderate AD.; Methods: The study enrolled 234 patients, randomly assigned to IV bapineuzumab or placebo in 4 dose cohorts (0.15, 0.5, 1.0, or 2.0 mg/kg). […]

Petrella, J. R., Prince, S. E., Krishnan, S., Husn, H., Kelley, L., Doraiswamy, P. M.

Background and Purpose: Cholinesterase-inhibitor therapy is approved for treatment of Alzheimer disease; however, application in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is still under active investigation. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of such therapy on the neural substrates underlying memory processing in subjects with MCI by using functional MR imaging […]

Mühlau, M., Wohlschläger, A. M., Gaser, C., Valet, M., Weindl, A., Nunnemann, S., Peinemann, A., Etgen, T., Ilg, R.

Background and Purpose: Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) has proved a powerful method to detect subtle changes of gray matter (GM) at the group level but the role of VBM for the detection of GM changes in single subjects, especially in those with suspected neurodegenerative disorder, remains uncertain. Here, we performed single subject analyses in 22 patients […]

Bokde, Arun L. W., Karmann, Michaela, Teipel, Stefan J., Born, Christine, Lieb, Martin, Reiser, Maximilian F., Möller, Hans-Jürgen, Hampel, Harald

Visual perception has been shown to be altered in Alzheimer disease (AD) patients, and it is associated with decreased cognitive function. Galantamine is an active cholinergic agent, which has been shown to lead to improved cognition in mild to moderate AD patients. This study examined brain activation in a group of mild AD patients after […]

Vellas, Bruno, Black, R., Thal, Leon J., Fox, Nick C., Daniels, M., McLennan, G., Tompkins, C., Leibman, C., Pomfret, M., Grundman, Michael

Background: Immunization of patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) with synthetic amyloid-beta peptide (Abeta(42)) (AN1792) was previously studied in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 2a clinical trial, Study AN1792(QS-21)-201. Treatment was discontinued following reports of encephalitis. One year follow-up revealed that AN1792 antibody responders showed improvements in cognitive measures as assessed by the neuropsychological test battery […]

Gauthier, S., Aisen, P. S., Ferris, S. H., Saumier, D., Duong, A., Haine, D., Garceau, D., Suhy, J., Oh, J., Lau, W., Sampalis, J.

Objectives: The efficacy, safety and disease-modification of tramiprosate (homotaurine)were investigated in a recently completed large-scale Phase III clinical study in patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the Alphase study. Disease-modification was assessed using longitudinal volumetric MRI (vMRI) measurements of the hippocampus in a subgroup of patients. The present study describes the vMRI, cognitive […]

Dukart, Juergen, Mueller, Karsten, Horstmann, Annette, Barthel, Henryk, Möller, Harald E., Villringer, Arno, Sabri, Osama, Schroeter, Matthias L.

Introduction: Various biomarkers have been reported in recent literature regarding imaging abnormalities in different types of dementia. These biomarkers have helped to significantly improve early detection and also differentiation of various dementia syndromes. In this study, we systematically applied whole-brain and region-of-interest (ROI) based support vector machine classification separately and on combined information from different […]

Flanagan, Eoin P., McKeon, Andrew, Lennon, Vanda A., Boeve, Bradley F., Trenerry, Max R., Tan, K. Meng, Drubach, Daniel A., Josephs, Keith A., Britton, Jeffrey W., Mandrekar, Jayawant N., Lowe, Val, Parisi, Joseph E., Pittock, Sean J.

Objective: To define the diagnostic characteristics and predictors of treatment response in patients with suspected autoimmune dementia.; Patients and Methods: Between January 1, 2002, and January 1, 2009, 72 consecutive patients received immunotherapy for suspected autoimmune dementia. Their baseline clinical, radiologic, and serologic characteristics were reviewed and compared between patients who were responsive to immunotherapy […]