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This database contains 651 studies, archived under the term: "Cognition"

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Efficacy of a vitamin/nutriceutical formulation for moderate-stage to later-stage Alzheimer’s disease: a placebo-controlled pilot study
Recent studies demonstrated efficacy of a vitamin/ nutriceutical formulation (folate, vitamin B12, alpha-tocopherol, S-adenosyl methionine, N-acetyl cysteine, and acetyl-L-carnitine) for mild to moderate Alzheimer’s disease. Herein, we tested the efficacy of this formulation in a small cohort of 12 institutionalized patients diagnosed with moderate-stage to later-stage Alzheimer’s disease. Participants were randomly separated into treatment of […]

18-Month study of intravenous immunoglobulin for treatment of mild Alzheimer disease
Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) has been proposed as a potential agent for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) immunotherapy because it contains antibodies against beta-amyloid (Abeta). We carried out an open label dose-ranging study in 8 mild AD patients in which IVIg was added to approved AD therapies for 6 months, discontinued, and then resumed for another 9 months. […]

A prospective study of ventriculo-peritoneal shunting for idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus
Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (INPH) is a potentially treatable form of dementia but its diagnosis is difficult and the effectiveness of shunting remains controversial. This study investigates the clinical outcomes of ventriculo-peritoneal shunting in a controlled trial of 33 consecutive patients with INPH. Mean age was 77.2 years (range 58-92 years) and the duration of […]

Methodological improvements in quantifying cognitive change in clinical trials: an example with single-dose administration of donepezil
Objectives: Change in cognitive function in response to a pharmacologic challenge can be observed with greater sensitivity by employing cognitive tests with optimal psychometric properties and a statistical approach that more accurately accounts for individual variability in performance. To demonstrate this approach we examined the cognitive effects of a single acute dose administration of an […]

A randomized controlled study on effects of ibuprofen on cognitive progression of Alzheimer’s disease
Background and Aims: Epidemiological studies have examined the association between the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and the risk of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Recently, a variety of experimental studies indicates that a subset of NSAIDs, such as ibuprofen or flurbiprofen, also have Abeta-lowering properties in both AD transgenic mice and cell cultures of peripheral, […]

Spaced retrieval significantly improves prospective memory performance of cognitively impaired older adults
Background: Although memory for future intentions (prospective memory, PM) is compromised in older adults with cognitive impairment, the effectiveness of specific training techniques to help these older adults with PM tasks remains unclear.; Objective: The present study examined the effectiveness of spaced retrieval (rehearsing at increasingly spaced intervals) as an intervention for improving PM in […]

Efficacy and tolerability of Ginkgo biloba extract EGb 761 by type of dementia: analyses of a randomised controlled trial
Secondary analyses of a randomised controlled trial were performed to find out whether treatment effects of Ginkgo biloba extract EGb 761 differed by type of dementia. Three hundred ninety-five patients aged 50 years or above, with dementia with neuropsychiatric features were treated with EGb 761 (240 mg/day) or placebo for 22 weeks. Patients scored between […]

Improving effects of the mushroom Yamabushitake (Hericium erinaceus) on mild cognitive impairment: a double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial
A double-blind, parallel-group, placebo-controlled trial was performed on 50- to 80-year-old Japanese men and women diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment in order to examine the efficacy of oral administration of Yamabushitake (Hericium erinaceus), an edible mushroom, for improving cognitive impairment, using a cognitive function scale based on the Revised Hasegawa Dementia Scale (HDS-R). After 2 […]

A randomized cross-over study of a traditional Japanese medicine (kampo), yokukansan, in the treatment of the behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia
The effectiveness and safety of yokukansan (TJ-54), a traditional Japanese medicine (kampo) for the treatment of the behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD), were evaluated in 106 patients diagnosed as having Alzheimer’s disease (AD) (including mixed-type dementia) or dementia with Lewy bodies. Patients were randomly assigned to group A (TJ-54 treatment in period I […]

Long-term rivastigmine treatment in a routine clinical setting
Objective: The aim of the study was to observe the effects of long-term rivastigmine treatment in patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer’s disease (AD) in a routine clinical setting.; Methods: This was a prospective, open-label, observational, multicentre, non-randomized study. Outcome measures included the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), the Clinician’s Interview-Based Impression of Change (CIBIC) […]

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