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This database contains 174 studies, archived under the term: "physiopathology"

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Long-term safety and tolerability of donepezil 23 mg in patients with moderate to severe Alzheimer’s disease
Background: Donepezil (23 mg/day) is approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of patients with moderate to severe Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Approval was based on results from a 24-week, randomized, double-blind study of patients who were stable on donepezil 10 mg/day and randomized 2:1 to either increase their donepezil dose to […]

Working memory capacity and its relation to stroop interference and facilitation effects in individuals with mild cognitive impairment
Purpose: The purposes of the study were to investigate (a) the task-specific differences in short-term memory (STM) and working memory capacity (WMC) in individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and normal elderly adults (NEAs), (b) the Stroop interference and facilitation effects, and (c) the relationship of STM and WMC to the Stroop effects.; Method: Thirty-two […]

Effects of n-3 fatty acids, EPA v. DHA, on depressive symptoms, quality of life, memory and executive function in older adults with mild cognitive impairment: a 6-month randomised controlled trial
Depressive symptoms may increase the risk of progressing from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to dementia. Consumption of n-3 PUFA may alleviate both cognitive decline and depression. The aim of the present study was to investigate the benefits of supplementing a diet with n-3 PUFA, DHA and EPA, for depressive symptoms, quality of life (QOL) and […]

DNA methylation and cognitive functioning in healthy older adults
Long-term supplementation with folic acid may improve cognitive performance in older individuals. The relationship between folate status and cognitive performance might be mediated by changes in methylation capacity, as methylation reactions are important for normal functioning of the brain. Although aberrant DNA methylation has been implicated in neurodevelopmental disorders, the relationship between DNA methylation status […]

Wavelet coherence model for diagnosis of Alzheimer disease
This article presents a wavelet coherence investigation of electroencephalograph (EEG) readings acquired from patients with Alzheimer disease (AD)  and healthy controls. Pairwise electrode wavelet coherence is calculated over each frequency band (delta, theta, alpha, and beta). For comparing the synchronization fraction of 2 EEG signals, a wavelet coherence fraction is proposed which is defined as […]

The effect of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors on cognition in patients with Alzheimer’s dementia: a prospective withdrawal and rechallenge pilot study
Background: Statins are well-known for their cardiovascular benefits. However, the cognitive effects of statins are not well understood. We hypothesized that individuals with preexisting dementia would be more vulnerable to statin-related cognitive effects.; Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact on cognition of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase inhibitor (statin) discontinuation and rechallenge […]

Dementia care in the general practice setting: a cluster randomized trial on the effectiveness and cost impact of three management strategies
Objective: To compare a complex nondrug intervention including actively approaching counseling and caregiver support groups with differing intensity against usual care with respect to time to institutionalization in patients with dementia.; Methods: Within this three-armed cluster-randomized controlled trial, 390 community-dwelling patients aged 65 years or older with physician-diagnosed mild to moderate dementia and their caregivers […]

Does a multicomponent exercise program improve dual-task performance in amnestic mild cognitive impairment? A randomized controlled trial
Background and Aims: There has been much interest in exercise interventions as a primary behavioral prevention strategy against cognitive decline. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a multicomponent exercise program on physical and dual-task performances in community-dwelling older adults with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI).; Methods: Fifty older adults (23 […]

The impact of different types of assistive devices on gait measures and safety in Huntington’s disease
Background: Gait and balance impairments lead to frequent falls and injuries in individuals with Huntington’s disease (HD). Assistive devices (ADs) such as canes and walkers are often prescribed to prevent falls, but their efficacy is unknown. We systematically examined the effects of different types of ADs on quantitative gait measures during walking in a straight […]

Evaluation of the regional cerebral blood flow changes during long-term donepezil therapy in patients with Alzheimer’s disease using 3DSRT
Background: We attempt to evaluate objectively the regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) changes during long-term donepezil therapy and the relationship between the clinical response and rCBF change in patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD).; Patients and Methods: Thirty-one patients with mild-to-moderate AD (11 men, 20 female; mean age, 76.2 ± 6.7 years) were treated with donepezil […]

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