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This database contains 34 studies, archived under the term: "executive function"

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The PACE study: a randomized clinical trial of cognitive activity strategy training for older people with mild cognitive impairment

Objective: The role of cognition-focused interventions in reducing cognitive decline in older people remains uncertain. This study aimed to clarify whether a group cognitive activity (CA) strategy-training program would decrease the 2-year rate of cognitive decline of people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI).; Design: Randomized controlled trial.; Setting: One study site.; Participants: 160 older adults […]

Differences in verbal memory performance in postmenopausal women receiving hormone therapy: 17β-estradiol versus conjugated equine estrogens

Objective: Much controversy exists and many questions remain unanswered about the effects of hormone therapy (HT) on cognition in postmenopausal women. There is growing evidence suggesting that HT compounds containing conjugated equine estrogen (CEE) have negative effects on cognition whereas 17β-estradiol (17β-E) either has positive or neutral effects. The present study sought to further examine […]

Effects of multicomponent exercise on cognitive function in older adults with amnestic mild cognitive impairment: a randomized controlled trial

Background: To examine the effects of a multicomponent exercise program on the cognitive function of older adults with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI).; Design: Twelve months, randomized controlled trial;; Setting: Community center in Japan;; Participants: Fifty older adults (27 men) with aMCI ranging in age from 65 to 93 years (mean age, 75 years);; Intervention: […]

Effects of n-3 fatty acids, EPA v. DHA, on depressive symptoms, quality of life, memory and executive function in older adults with mild cognitive impairment: a 6-month randomised controlled trial

Depressive symptoms may increase the risk of progressing from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to dementia. Consumption of n-3 PUFA may alleviate both cognitive decline and depression. The aim of the present study was to investigate the benefits of supplementing a diet with n-3 PUFA, DHA and EPA, for depressive symptoms, quality of life (QOL) and […]

Effects of lexical-semantic treatment on memory in early Alzheimer disease: an observer-blinded randomized controlled trial

Background: Episodic memory and semantic abilities deteriorate early in Alzheimer disease (AD). Since the cognitive system includes interconnected and reciprocally influenced neuronal networks, the authors hypothesized that stimulation of lexical-semantic abilities may benefit semantically structured episodic memory.; Objective: To investigate the effects of lexical-semantic stimulation (LSS) on verbal communication and episodic memory in early AD.; […]

Using mental imagery to improve memory in patients with Alzheimer disease: trouble generating or remembering the mind’s eye?

This study was conducted to understand whether patients with mild Alzheimer disease (AD) could use general or self-referential mental imagery to improve their recognition of visually presented words. Experiment 1 showed that, unlike healthy controls, patients generally did not benefit from either type of imagery. To help determine whether the patients’ inability to benefit from […]

Apolipoprotein E genotype-specific short-term cognitive benefits of treatment with the antihypertensive nilvadipine in Alzheimer’s patients–an open-label trial

Background: Evidence suggests that dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers may be useful in preventing and treating Alzheimer’s disease (AD).; Objective: In an open-label trial of safety and tolerability of nilvadipine in patients with AD, we examined cognition and executive function over a short time period to determine an influence of nilvadipine on these outcomes.; Method: We […]

Cognitive stimulation in a-MCI: an experimental study

Nowadays, preventing the effects of mental decline is an international priority, but there is little research into cognitive training in mild cognitive impairment (MCI). We present the results of a program aimed at teaching memory strategies and improving metacognitive abilities. This was associated with training to ameliorate caregivers’ assistance. Two groups (A and B) were […]

Training of attentional control in mild cognitive impairment with executive deficits: results from a double-blind randomised controlled study

This study evaluated the efficacy of a cognitive intervention for attentional control in older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) with an executive deficit. It also sought to verify if the benefits of training generalised to primary and secondary outcome measures. Participants (n = 24) were randomly assigned to a training programme or active control […]

The NIH stroke scale can establish cognitive function after stroke

Background: Cognitive impairment is an important but underrecognised consequence of stroke. We investigated whether a subset of items from the NIH Stroke Scale (NIHSS) could yield valid information on cognitive status in a group of stroke patients.; Methods: 149 stroke patients from the Göteborg 70+ Stroke Study were investigated after 18 months. We extracted 4 […]

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