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This database contains 12 studies, archived under the term: "reference values"

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Methodological issues in a cluster-randomized trial to prevent dementia by intensive vascular care

Objectives: Description of methodological issues in a trial designed to evaluate if a multi-component intervention aimed at vascular risk factors can prevent dementia.; Design, Setting and Participants: Multi-center, open, cluster-randomized controlled clinical trial (preDIVA) including 3535 non-demented subjects aged 70-78, executed in primary practice and coordinated from one academic hospital. General practices are randomized to […]

Potential of Snoezelen room multisensory stimulation to improve balance in individuals with dementia: a feasibility randomized controlled trial

Objective: To investigate the influence of multisensory stimulations in a Snoezelen room on the balance of individuals with dementia.; Design: Randomized controlled trial.; Setting: Canadian long-term care home.; Participants: Twenty-four residents (average age 86 years), in a long-term care home diagnosed with dementia, were assigned randomly to intervention and control groups. Nineteen participants completed the […]

Ibuprofen treatment modifies cortical sources of EEG rhythms in mild Alzheimer’s disease

Objective: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as ibuprofen have a protective role on risk of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Here we evaluated the hypothesis that long-term ibuprofen treatment affects cortical sources of resting electroencephalographic (EEG) rhythms in mild AD patients.; Methods: Twenty-three AD patients (13 treated AD IBUPROFEN; 10 untreated AD PLACEBO) were enrolled. Resting EEG data […]

Effects of general practitioner training and family support services on the care of home-dwelling dementia patients–results of a controlled cluster-randomized study

Background: More than 90% of dementia patients are cared for by their general practitioners, who are decisively involved in the diagnosis, therapy and recommendation of support services.; Objective: To test whether special training of general practitioners alters the care of dementia patients through their systematic recommendation of caregiver counseling and support groups.; Method: 129 general […]

Improvement of spontaneous speech in early stage Alzheimer’s with rivastigmine

Objectives: Placebo-controlled trials have shown that rivastigmine can delay cognitive deterioration in patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Benefits on cognitive functioning, as measured with the ADAS-Cog, occur on a daily dose of 6-12 mg when used for at least 6 months. The effect of rivastigmine on the adequacy of spontaneous speech is […]

The effects of glucose ingestion and glucose regulation on memory performance in older adults with mild cognitive impairment

Background/objectives: Previous research investigating the impact of glucose ingestion and/or improvements in glucose regulation has found selective cognitive facilitation on episodic memory tasks in successful ageing and dementia. The present study aimed to extend this research to mild cognitive impairment (MCI).; Subjects/methods: In a repeated-measures design, 24 older adults with and 24 older adults without […]

Subjective report of word-finding and memory deficits in normal aging and dementia

Objective: Compare subjective reports of both memory and word-finding deficits to clinical diagnosis and objective neuropsychological testing.; Background: With the increasing number of aging individuals with cognitive impairments, effective screening measures would improve the likelihood of detection. Subjective reports of symptoms are typically obtained in clinical settings, yet the validity of these reports is relatively […]

A comparison of neurocognitive impairment in younger and older adults with major depression

Background: Neurocognitive impairment is a well-recognized feature of depression that has been reported in younger and older adults. Similar deficits occur with ageing and it is unclear whether the greater deficits in late-life depression are an ageing-related phenomenon or due to a difference in the nature of late-life depression itself. We hypothesized that ageing alone […]

The Nottingham Health Profile: a feasible questionnaire for nursing home residents?

Background: The Nottingham Health Profile (NHP) assesses perceived emotional, social, and physical health problems and the extent to which such problems affect daily activities. The objective of our study was to determine the feasibility of the NHP for nursing home residents.; Methods: A prospective multicenter observational study was conducted in 11 nursing homes from April […]

Effects of age, gender, education and race on two tests of language ability in community-based older adults

Background: Neuropsychological tests, including tests of language ability, are frequently used to differentiate normal from pathological cognitive aging. However, language can be particularly difficult to assess in a standardized manner in cross-cultural studies and in patients from different educational and cultural backgrounds. This study examined the effects of age, gender, education and race on performance […]

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