Silverman, Daniel H. S., Geist, Cheri L., Kenna, Heather A., Williams, Katherine, Wroolie, Tonita, Powers, Bevin, Brooks, John, Rasgon, Natalie L.

Differential cerebral metabolic effects of various hormone therapy formulations, and their associations with cognitive status, remain to be established. The principal aim of the current study was to assess relationships between regional cerebral metabolism and estrogen-based hormone therapies. Postmenopausal women (n=53) at elevated risk for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) were on estrogen-containing hormone therapy for at […]

Chen, Y., Wolk, D. A., Reddin, J. S., Korczykowski, M., Martinez, P. M., Musiek, E. S., Newberg, A. B., Julin, P., Arnold, S. E., Greenberg, J. H., Detre, J. A.

Objective: We compared the ability of arterial spin labeling (ASL), an MRI method that measures cerebral blood flow (CBF), to that of FDG-PET in distinguishing patients with Alzheimer disease (AD) from healthy, age-matched controls.; Methods: Fifteen patients with AD (mean age 72 ± 6 years, Mini-Mental State Examination score [MMSE] 20 ± 6) and 19 […]

Tzimopoulou, Sofia, Cunningham, Vincent J., Nichols, Thomas E., Searle, Graham, Bird, Nick P., Mistry, Prafull, Dixon, Ian J., Hallett, William A., Whitcher, Brandon, Brown, Andrew P., Zvartau-Hind, Marina, Lotay, Narinder, Lai, Robert Y. K., Castiglia, Mary, Jeter, Barbara, Matthews, Julian C., Chen, Kewei, Bandy, Dan, Reiman, Eric M., Gold, Michael, Rabiner, Eugenii A., Matthews, Paul M.

Here we report the first multi-center clinical trial in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) using fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography ([18F]FDG-PET) measures of brain glucose metabolism as the primary outcome. We contrasted effects of 12 months treatment with the PPARγ agonist Rosiglitazone XR versus placebo in 80 mild to moderate AD patients. Secondary objectives included testing for reduction […]

Förster, Stefan, Buschert, Verena C., Teipel, Stefan J., Friese, Uwe, Buchholz, Hans-Georg, Drzezga, Alexander, Hampel, Harald, Bartenstein, Peter, Buerger, Katharina

The effect of cognitive intervention on brain metabolism in AD is largely unexplored. Therefore, we aimed to investigate cognitive parameters and 18FDG PET to test for effects of a cognitive intervention in patients with aMCI or mild AD. Patients with aMCI (N = 24) or mild AD (N = 15) were randomly assigned either to […]

Akanuma, Kyoko, Meguro, Kenichi, Meguro, Mitsue, Sasaki, Eriko, Chiba, Kentaro, Ishii, Hiroshi, Tanaka, Naofumi

A group reminiscence approach (GRA) with reality orientation (RO) is widely used as a psychosocial intervention for dementia. Since clinical effectiveness was reported for the intervention, interest has been directed toward areas of the neuronal network that might be being stimulated. We hypothesized that the frontal lobe associated with social interaction was being stimulated. To […]

Wang, Tao, Huang, Qiu, Reiman, Eric M., Chen, Kewei, Li, Xia, Li, Guanjun, Lin, Zhiguang, Li, Chunbo, Xiao, Shifu

Most experts consider that memantine has a symptomatic treatment, but clinical trials have not yet provided compelling evidence to support a disease-modifying effect. We investigate the effects of memantine on clinical ratings; fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) measurements, which can monitor disease-modifying effect; and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) assays in patients with moderate to severe probable […]

Squitieri, Ferdinando, Orobello, Sara, Cannella, Milena, Martino, Tiziana, Romanelli, Pantaleo, Giovacchini, Giampiero, Frati, Luigi, Mansi, Luigi, Ciarmiello, Andrea

Purpose: Huntington disease (HD) mutation increases gain-of-toxic functions contributing to glutamate-mediated excitotoxicity. Riluzole interferes with glutamatergic neurotransmission, thereby reducing excitotoxicity, enhancing neurite formation in damaged motoneurons and increasing serum concentrations of BDNF, a brain cortex neurotrophin protecting striatal neurons from degeneration.; Methods: We investigated metabolic and volumetric differences in distinct brain areas between 11 riluzole-treated […]

Haense, C., Herholz, K., Jagust, W. J., Heiss, W. D.

Aim: We investigated the performance of FDG PET using an automated procedure for discrimination between Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and controls, and studied the influence of demographic and technical factors.; Methods: FDG PET data were obtained from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) [102 controls (76.0 +/- 4.9 years) and 89 AD patients (75.7 +/- 7.6 […]

Dukart, Juergen, Mueller, Karsten, Horstmann, Annette, Vogt, Barbara, Frisch, Stefan, Barthel, Henryk, Becker, Georg, Möller, Harald E., Villringer, Arno, Sabri, Osama, Schroeter, Matthias L.

FDG-PET ([18F]fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography) is frequently used to improve the differential diagnosis of dementia. However, a fundamental methodological issue of the reference area for the intensity normalization procedure is still unsolved. Here, we systematically compared the two most commonly used normalization methods to the cerebral and to the cerebellar metabolic rate for glucose with […]

Dukart, Juergen, Mueller, Karsten, Horstmann, Annette, Barthel, Henryk, Möller, Harald E., Villringer, Arno, Sabri, Osama, Schroeter, Matthias L.

Introduction: Various biomarkers have been reported in recent literature regarding imaging abnormalities in different types of dementia. These biomarkers have helped to significantly improve early detection and also differentiation of various dementia syndromes. In this study, we systematically applied whole-brain and region-of-interest (ROI) based support vector machine classification separately and on combined information from different […]