Ostrowitzki, Susanne, Deptula, Dennis, Thurfjell, Lennart, Barkhof, Frederik, Bohrmann, Bernd, Brooks, David J., Klunk, William E., Ashford, Elizabeth, Yoo, Kisook, Xu, Zhi-Xin, Loetscher, Hansruedi, Santarelli, Luca

Background: Gantenerumab is a fully human anti-Aβ monoclonal antibody in clinical development for the treatment of Alzheimer disease (AD).; Objectives: To investigate whether treatment with gantenerumab leads to a measurable reduction in the level of Aβ amyloid in the brain and to elucidate the mechanism of amyloid reduction.; Design: A multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, ascending-dose […]

Herrmann, Nathan, Black, Sandra E., Chow, Tiffany, Cappell, Jaclyn, Tang-Wai, David F., Lanctôt, Krista L.

Objectives: The purposes of this study were first, to evaluate the effectiveness of citalopram in treating behavioral disturbances in frontotemporal dementia (FTD) subjects and second, to determine whether an association exists between serotonergic function, as determined by a neuroendocrine challenge, and treatment response.; Design: Single-dose citalopram (30 mg per os) challenge followed by a 6-week […]

Farlow, Martin, Arnold, Steven E., van Dyck, Christopher H., Aisen, Paul S, Snider, B. Joy, Porsteinsson, Anton P., Friedrich, Stuart, Dean, Robert A., Gonzales, Celedon, Sethuraman, Gopalan, Demattos, Ronald B., Mohs, Richard, Paul, Steven M., Siemers, Eric R.

Objectives: To assess the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of 12 weekly infusions of solanezumab, an anti-β-amyloid (Aβ) antibody, in patients with mild-to-moderate Alzheimer’s disease. Cognitive measures were also obtained.; Methods: In this phase 2, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial, 52 patients with Alzheimer’s disease received placebo or antibody (100 mg every 4 weeks, 100 […]

Silverman, Daniel H. S., Geist, Cheri L., Kenna, Heather A., Williams, Katherine, Wroolie, Tonita, Powers, Bevin, Brooks, John, Rasgon, Natalie L.

Differential cerebral metabolic effects of various hormone therapy formulations, and their associations with cognitive status, remain to be established. The principal aim of the current study was to assess relationships between regional cerebral metabolism and estrogen-based hormone therapies. Postmenopausal women (n=53) at elevated risk for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) were on estrogen-containing hormone therapy for at […]

Chen, Y., Wolk, D. A., Reddin, J. S., Korczykowski, M., Martinez, P. M., Musiek, E. S., Newberg, A. B., Julin, P., Arnold, S. E., Greenberg, J. H., Detre, J. A.

Objective: We compared the ability of arterial spin labeling (ASL), an MRI method that measures cerebral blood flow (CBF), to that of FDG-PET in distinguishing patients with Alzheimer disease (AD) from healthy, age-matched controls.; Methods: Fifteen patients with AD (mean age 72 ± 6 years, Mini-Mental State Examination score [MMSE] 20 ± 6) and 19 […]

Förster, Stefan, Buschert, Verena C., Teipel, Stefan J., Friese, Uwe, Buchholz, Hans-Georg, Drzezga, Alexander, Hampel, Harald, Bartenstein, Peter, Buerger, Katharina

The effect of cognitive intervention on brain metabolism in AD is largely unexplored. Therefore, we aimed to investigate cognitive parameters and 18FDG PET to test for effects of a cognitive intervention in patients with aMCI or mild AD. Patients with aMCI (N = 24) or mild AD (N = 15) were randomly assigned either to […]

Akanuma, Kyoko, Meguro, Kenichi, Meguro, Mitsue, Sasaki, Eriko, Chiba, Kentaro, Ishii, Hiroshi, Tanaka, Naofumi

A group reminiscence approach (GRA) with reality orientation (RO) is widely used as a psychosocial intervention for dementia. Since clinical effectiveness was reported for the intervention, interest has been directed toward areas of the neuronal network that might be being stimulated. We hypothesized that the frontal lobe associated with social interaction was being stimulated. To […]

Wang, Tao, Huang, Qiu, Reiman, Eric M., Chen, Kewei, Li, Xia, Li, Guanjun, Lin, Zhiguang, Li, Chunbo, Xiao, Shifu

Most experts consider that memantine has a symptomatic treatment, but clinical trials have not yet provided compelling evidence to support a disease-modifying effect. We investigate the effects of memantine on clinical ratings; fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) measurements, which can monitor disease-modifying effect; and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) assays in patients with moderate to severe probable […]

Squitieri, Ferdinando, Orobello, Sara, Cannella, Milena, Martino, Tiziana, Romanelli, Pantaleo, Giovacchini, Giampiero, Frati, Luigi, Mansi, Luigi, Ciarmiello, Andrea

Purpose: Huntington disease (HD) mutation increases gain-of-toxic functions contributing to glutamate-mediated excitotoxicity. Riluzole interferes with glutamatergic neurotransmission, thereby reducing excitotoxicity, enhancing neurite formation in damaged motoneurons and increasing serum concentrations of BDNF, a brain cortex neurotrophin protecting striatal neurons from degeneration.; Methods: We investigated metabolic and volumetric differences in distinct brain areas between 11 riluzole-treated […]

Paraskevas, G. P., Kapaki, E., Papageorgiou, S. G., Kalfakis, N., Andreadou, E., Zalonis, I., Vassilopoulos, D.

Background and Purpose: The differential diagnosis between vascular dementia (VD) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) or mixed dementia (MD) is not always easy in clinical practice. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers tau protein in its total (tau(T)) or hyperphosphorylated at threonin-181(tau(P-181)) form and beta amyloid peptide 1-42 […]