This site uses cookies to measure how you use the website so it can be updated and improved based on your needs and also uses cookies to help remember the notifications you’ve seen, like this one, so that we don’t show them to you again. If you could also tell us a little bit about yourself, this information will help us understand how we can support you better and make this site even easier for you to use and navigate.

Memantine for dementia in adults older than 40 years with Down’s syndrome (MEADOWS): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

Authors

Hanney, Marisa, Prasher, Vee, Williams, Nicola, Jones, Emma L., Aarsland, Dag, Corbett, Anne, Lawrence, Dale, Yu, Ly-Mee, Tyrer, Stephen, Francis, Paul T., Johnson, Tony, Bullock, Roger, Ballard, Clive

Journal

Lancet, Volume: 379, No.: 9815, Pages.: 528-536

Year of Publication

2012

Abstract

Background: Prevalence of Alzheimer’s disease in people with Down’s syndrome is very high, and many such individuals who are older than 40 years have pathological changes characteristic of Alzheimer’s disease. Evidence to support treatment with Alzheimer’s drugs is inadequate, although memantine is beneficial in transgenic mice. We aimed to assess safety and efficacy of memantine on cognition and function in individuals with Down’s syndrome.; Methods: In our prospective randomised double-blind trial, we enrolled adults (>40 years) with karyotypic or clinically diagnosed Down’s syndrome, with and without dementia, at four learning disability centres in the UK and Norway. We randomly allocated participants (1:1) to receive memantine or placebo for 52 weeks by use of a computer-generated sequence and a minimisation algorithm to ensure balanced allocation for five prognostic factors (sex, dementia, age group, total Down’s syndrome attention, memory, and executive function scales [DAMES] score, and centre). The primary outcome was change in cognition and function, measured with DAMES scores and the adaptive behaviour scale (ABS) parts I and II. We analysed differences in DAMES and ABS scores between groups with analyses of covariance or quantile regression in all patients who completed the 52 week assessment and had available follow-up data. This study is registered, number ISRCTN47562898.; Findings: We randomly allocated 88 patients to receive memantine (72 [82%] had DAMES data and 75 [85%] had ABS data at 52 weeks) and 85 to receive placebo (74 [87%] and 73 [86%]). Both groups declined in cognition and function but rates did not differ between groups for any outcomes. After adjustment for baseline score, there were non-significant differences between groups of -4·1 (95% CI -13·1 to 4·8) in DAMES scores, -8·5 (-20·1 to 3·1) in ABS I scores, and 2·0 (-7·2 to 11·3) in ABS II scores, all in favour of controls. 10 (11%) of 88 participants in the memantine group and six (7%) of 85 controls had serious adverse events (p=0·33). Five participants in the memantine group and four controls died from serious adverse events (p=0·77).; Interpretation: There is a striking absence of evidence about pharmacological treatment of cognitive impairment and dementia in people older than 40 years with Down’s syndrome. Despite promising indications, memantine is not an effective treatment. Therapies that are effective for Alzheimer’s disease are not necessarily effective in this group of patients.; Funding: Lundbeck.; Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Bibtex Citation

@article{Hanney_2012, doi = {10.1016/s0140-6736(11)61676-0}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(11)61676-0}, year = 2012, month = {feb}, publisher = {Elsevier {BV}}, volume = {379}, number = {9815}, pages = {528--536}, author = {Marisa Hanney and Vee Prasher and Nicola Williams and Emma L Jones and Dag Aarsland and Anne Corbett and Dale Lawrence and Ly-Mee Yu and Stephen Tyrer and Paul T Francis and Tony Johnson and Roger Bullock and Clive Ballard}, title = {Memantine for dementia in adults older than 40 years with Down{textquotesingle}s syndrome ({MEADOWS}): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial}, journal = {The Lancet} }

Keywords

adult, alzheimer disease, antagonists inhibitors, centres, cognition, complications, dementia, disability, double-blind method, down syndrome, downs, drug effects, drug therapy, etiology, female, humans, in, learning, male, memantine, middle aged, nmethylaspartate, people, psychology, syndrome, therapeutic use, with

Countries of Study

Norway, UK

Types of Dementia

Alzheimer’s Disease

Types of Study

Randomised Controlled Trial

Type of Outcomes

ADLs/IADLs, Behaviour, Cognition

Settings

Other

Type of Interventions

Pharmaceutical Interventions

Pharmaceutical Interventions

Anti-Alzheimer medications, e.g.: donezepil, galantamine, rivastigmine, memantime