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This database contains 160 studies, archived under the term: "Background"

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Olive oil and cognition: results from the three-city study
Background: Olive oil is a major component of the Mediterranean diet suggested to be beneficial to counteract Alzheimer’s disease.; Aim Of the Study: Our objective was to examine the association between olive oil use, cognitive deficit and cognitive decline in a large elderly population.; Methods: We followed 6,947 subjects with a brief baseline food frequency […]

Obesity and impaired cognitive functioning in the elderly: a population-based cross-sectional study (NEDICES)
Background and Purpose: Studies of high body mass index (BMI) and cognition in the elderly have shown conflicting results. While some studies have shown a detrimental effect of high BMI on cognitive function, others have observed beneficial effects on cognition. Our aim was to assess cognitive function in a large population-based sample of overweight (BMI […]

A cluster-randomised trial of staff education to improve the quality of life of people with dementia living in residential care: the DIRECT study
Background: The Dementia In Residential care: EduCation intervention Trial (DIRECT) was conducted to determine if delivery of education designed to meet the perceived need of GPs and care staff improves the quality of life of participants with dementia living in residential care.; Methodology/principal Findings: This cluster-randomised controlled trial was conducted in 39 residential aged care […]

Gait changes with anti-dementia drugs: a prospective, open-label study combining single and dual task assessments in patients with Alzheimer’s disease
Background: No comparison of anti-dementia drugs-related gait changes has been previously conducted combining single and dual task assessments.; Objectives: (1) To quantify and compare gait changes among patients with possible or probable Alzheimer’s disease before and after the use of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (i.e., donepezil, galantamine, rivastigmine) or memantine, and among controls with possible or probable […]

A brief neuropsychological battery for use in the chronic heart failure population
Background: Cognitive impairment is a recognized consequence of heart failure; however, there are no neuropsychological batteries with documented psychometric data in the chronic heart failure population.; Aims: To document the psychometric properties of a brief neuropsychological battery in a chronic heart failure sample.; Methods: The Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status, Trail Making […]

Group therapy for patients with mild cognitive impairment and their significant others: Results of a waiting-list controlled trial
Background: Patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) have to deal with an uncertain prognosis and also face a multitude of memory-related problems and psychosocial consequences. A newly developed group programme proved to be feasible, however, it needed confirmation by a controlled study. Aim: This controlled study evaluates this group therapy for MCI patients aimed to […]

Sertraline or mirtazapine for depression in dementia (HTA-SADD): a randomised, multicentre, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
Background: Depression is common in dementia but the evidence base for appropriate drug treatment is sparse and equivocal. We aimed to assess efficacy and safety of two of the most commonly prescribed drugs, sertraline and mirtazapine, compared with placebo.; Methods: We undertook the parallel-group, double-blind, placebo-controlled, Health Technology Assessment Study of the Use of Antidepressants […]

The dementia antipsychotic withdrawal trial (DART-AD): long-term follow-up of a randomised placebo-controlled trial
Background: Data from 12-week placebo-controlled trials have led to mounting concerns about increased mortality in patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) who are prescribed antipsychotics; however, there are no mortality data from long-term placebo-controlled trials. We aimed to assess whether continued treatment with antipsychotics in people with AD is associated with an increased risk of mortality.; […]

Comparison of adverse drug reactions with donepezil versus memantine: analysis of the French Pharmacovigilance Database
Background: Since donepezil and memantine are currently used for treating Alzheimer’s disease, it is interesting to analyse, reassess and compare their safety profile in order to promote a better use.; Methods: All spontaneous reports of suspected serious adverse drug reactions with donepezil alone and with memantine alone recorded in the French Pharmacovigilance Database during 6 […]

Optimal dosing of galantamine in patients with mild or moderate Alzheimer’s disease: post Hoc analysis of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
Background: Galantamine (hydrobromide), a reversible acetylcholinesterase inhibitor and allosteric nicotinic receptor modulator, slows cognitive and functional decline in mild to moderate dementia of the Alzheimer’s type. Although several drugs are indicated for mild to moderate Alzheimer’s disease (AD), no published study has separately analysed mild and moderate AD subgroups to assess the effect of dosage.; […]

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