This database contains 109 studies, archived under the term: "At risk population"
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Being overweight in midlife is associated with lower cognitive ability and steeper cognitive decline in late life
Dahl, Anna,
Hassing, Linda B.,
Fransson, Eleonor,
Berg, Stig,
Gatz, Margaret,
Reynolds, Chandra A.,
Pedersen, Nancy L.
Background: Although an increasing body of evidence links being overweight in midlife with an increased risk for dementia in late life, no studies have examined the association between being overweight in midlife and cognitive ability in late life. Our aim was to examine the association between being overweight in midlife as measured by body mass […]
CD4 nadir is a predictor of HIV neurocognitive impairment in the era of combination antiretroviral therapy
Ellis, Ronald J.,
Badiee, Jayraan,
Vaida, Florin,
Letendre, Scott,
Heaton, Robert K.,
Clifford, David,
Collier, Ann C.,
Gelman, Benjamin,
McArthur, Justin,
Morgello, Susan,
McCutchan, J. Allen,
Grant, Igor
Objective: Despite immune recovery in individuals on combination antiretroviral therapy (CART), the frequency of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HANDs) remains high. Immune recovery is typically achieved after initiation of ART from the nadir, or the lowest historical CD4. The present study evaluated the probability of neuropsychological impairment (NPI) and HAND as a function of CD4 nadir […]
The association of statin use and statin type and cognitive performance: analysis of the reasons for geographic and racial differences in stroke (REGARDS) study
Glasser, Stephen P.,
Wadley, Virginia,
Judd, Suzanne,
Kana, Bhumika,
Prince, Valerie,
Jenny, Nancy,
Kissela, Brett,
Safford, Monika,
Prineas, Ronald,
Howard, George
Background: Statin use and type have been variably associated with impaired or improved cognitive performance.; Hypothesis: To assess the association of statin use and type (lipophilic vs hydrophilic) and cognitive impairment.; Methods: Cross-sectional analysis of 24 595 participants (7191 statin users and 17 404 nonusers) age > or = 45 years, from a population-based national […]
Longer duration of hormonal contraceptive use predicts better cognitive outcomes later in life
Background: The cognitive effects of postmenopausal hormone therapy (HT) have been studied extensively, but little is known about the relationship between premenopausal hormone use and cognition. Hormonal contraceptive use vs. nonuse may be a potential factor influencing cognitive processes in midlife. The aim of this study is to explore the effect of modification of hormone […]
Differences in regional brain metabolism associated with specific formulations of hormone therapy in postmenopausal women at risk for AD
Silverman, Daniel H. S.,
Geist, Cheri L.,
Kenna, Heather A.,
Williams, Katherine,
Wroolie, Tonita,
Powers, Bevin,
Brooks, John,
Rasgon, Natalie L.
Differential cerebral metabolic effects of various hormone therapy formulations, and their associations with cognitive status, remain to be established. The principal aim of the current study was to assess relationships between regional cerebral metabolism and estrogen-based hormone therapies. Postmenopausal women (n=53) at elevated risk for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) were on estrogen-containing hormone therapy for at […]
Spine Surgery under general anesthesia may not increase the risk of Alzheimer’s disease
Background: Volatile anesthetics cause Alzheimer’s disease (AD)-like neuropathology in animals. We determined whether spine surgery under general anesthesia and anesthetic choice contributed to AD development.; Methods: We searched the Clinical Data Repository of the University of Virginia for patients receiving spine surgery from January 1, 1992 to March 1, 2004. Patients with newly-diagnosed AD after […]
Inhaled sevoflurane may promote progression of amnestic mild cognitive impairment: a prospective, randomized parallel-group study
Liu, Yongzhe,
Pan, Ningling,
Ma, Yaqun,
Zhang, Shengshuo,
Guo, Wenzhi,
Li, Haihong,
Zhou, Jingli,
Liu, Gang,
Gao, Minglong
Background: Amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) is thought to be a transitional stage between normal aging and the development of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Recent studies have suggested that the inhalational anesthetic isoflurane can induce caspase activation and apoptosis, increase aggregates of β-amyloid (Aβ) levels, and enhance Aβ aggregation. The aim of this study was to […]
A prospective analysis of elevated fasting glucose levels and cognitive function in older people: results from PROSPER and the Rotterdam Study
Euser, Sjoerd M.,
Sattar, Naveed,
Witteman, Jacqueline C. M.,
Bollen, Eduard L. E. M.,
Sijbrands, Eric J. G.,
Hofman, Albert,
Perry, Ivan J.,
Breteler, Monique M. B.,
Westendorp, Rudi G.J.
Objective: To investigate the relationship between fasting glucose levels, insulin resistance, and cognitive impairment in old age. Diabetes is associated with cognitive impairment in older people. However, the link between elevated fasting glucose levels and insulin resistance in nondiabetic individuals, and the risk of cognitive impairment is unclear.; Research Design and Methods: We analyzed data […]