Willenborg, B., Schmoller, A., Caspary, J., Melchert, U. H., Scholand-Engler, H. G., Jauch-Chara, K., Hohagen, F., Schweiger, U., Oltmanns, K. M.

Context: The risk to develop dementia is significantly increased in diabetes mellitus. Memantine, an N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist, which is clinically applied in dementia, has been shown to exert neuroprotective effects under hypoglycemic conditions in rats.; Objective: We hypothesized that memantine may prevent hypoglycemia-induced decrements in the cerebral high-energy phosphate, i.e. ATP, metabolism to exert its […]

Bayer-Carter, Jennifer L., Green, Pattie S., Montine, Thomas J., VanFossen, Brian, Baker, Laura D., Watson, G. Stennis, Bonner, Laura M., Callaghan, Maureen, Leverenz, James B., Walter, Brooke K., Tsai, Elaine, Plymate, Stephen R., Postupna, Nadia, Wilkinson, Charles W., Zhang, Jing, Lampe, Johanna, Kahn, Steven E., Craft, Suzanne

Objective: To compare the effects of a 4-week high-saturated fat/high-glycemic index (HIGH) diet with a low-saturated fat/low-glycemic index (LOW) diet on insulin and lipid metabolism, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) markers of Alzheimer disease, and cognition for healthy adults and adults with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI).; Design: Randomized controlled trial.; Setting: Veterans Affairs Medical Center clinical […]

Krikorian, Robert, Nash, Tiffany A., Shidler, Marcelle D., Shukitt-Hale, Barbara, Joseph, James A.

Concord grape juice contains polyphenol compounds, which have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties and influence neuronal signalling. Concord grape juice supplementation has been shown to reduce inflammation, blood pressure and vascular pathology in individuals with CVD, and consumption of such flavonoid-containing foods is associated with a reduced risk for dementia. In addition, preliminary animal data have […]

Watson, G. Stennis, Baker, Laura D., Cholerton, Brenna A., Rhoads, Kristoffer W., Merriam, George R., Schellenberg, Gerard D., Asthana, Sanjay, Cherrier, Monique, Craft, Suzanne

Both insulin alone and the somatostatin analogue octreotide alone facilitate memory in patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Since octreotide inhibits endogenous insulin secretion, the cognitive effects of insulin and octreotide may not be independent. This study tested the individual and interactive effects of insulin and octreotide on memory and plasma growth hormone (GH) levels in […]

Stein, Mark S., Scherer, Samuel C., Ladd, Kylie S., Harrison, Leonard C.

Poor vitamin D nutrition is linked with dementia, but vitamin D has not been tested in a randomized controlled trial (RCT) in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Nasal insulin acutely improves cognition and vitamin D upregulates insulin receptor expression and enhances insulin action. In an RCT we examined the effect of high-dose vitamin D followed by nasal […]

Ng, Tze Pin, Feng, Liang, Yap, Keng Bee, Lee, Tih Shih, Tan, Chay Hoon, Winblad, Bengt

Evidence strongly supports the important role of insulin resistance in cognitive decline and dementia and suggests that insulin sensitizers may protect against cognitive decline in diabetic and pre-diabetic individuals. Inconclusive results have been reported in clinical trials of rosiglitazone, an insulin sensitizer that also increases cardiovascular mortality risks. No study has yet reported a protective […]

Claxton, Amy, Baker, Laura D., Hanson, Angela, Trittschuh, Emily H., Cholerton, Brenna, Morgan, Amy, Callaghan, Maureen, Arbuckle, Matthew, Behl, Colin, Craft, Suzanne

[Correction Notice: An Erratum for this article was reported in Vol 45(4) of Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease (see record [rid]2015-17286-023[/rid]). In the original article, Tables 1 and 2 were missing. Tables 1 and 2 are present in the erratum.] Previous trials have shown promising effects of intranasally administered insulin for adults with Alzheimer’s disease dementia […]