Manson, JoAnn E., Chlebowski, Rowan T., Stefanick, Marcia L., Aragaki, Aaron K., Rossouw, Jacques E., Prentice, Ross L., Anderson, Garnet, Howard, Barbara V., Thomson, Cynthia A., LaCroix, Andrea Z., Wactawski-Wende, Jean, Jackson, Rebecca D., Limacher, Marian, Margolis, Karen L., Wassertheil-Smoller, Sylvia, Beresford, Shirley A., Cauley, Jane A., Eaton, Charles B., Gass, Margery, Hsia, Judith, Johnson, Karen C., Kooperberg, Charles, Kuller, Lewis H., Lewis, Cora E., Liu, Simin, Martin, Lisa W., Ockene, Judith K., O’Sullivan, Mary Jo, Powell, Lynda H., Simon, Michael S., Van Horn, Linda, Vitolins, Mara Z., Wallace, Robert B.

Importance: Menopausal hormone therapy continues in clinical use but questions remain regarding its risks and benefits for chronic disease prevention.; Objective: To report a comprehensive, integrated overview of findings from the 2 Women’s Health Initiative (WHI) hormone therapy trials with extended postintervention follow-up.; Design, Setting, and Participants: A total of 27,347 postmenopausal women aged 50 […]

Grossberg, George T., Manes, Facundo, Allegri, Ricardo F., Gutiérrez-Robledo, Luis Miguel, Gloger, Sergio, Xie, Lei, Jia, X. Daniel, Pejović, Vojislav, Miller, Michael L., Perhach, James L., Graham, Stephen M.

Introduction: Immediate-release memantine (10 mg, twice daily) is approved in the USA for moderate-to-severe Alzheimer’s disease (AD). This study evaluated the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of a higher-dose, once-daily, extended-release formulation in patients with moderate-to-severe AD concurrently taking cholinesterase inhibitors.; Methods: In this 24-week, double-blind, multinational study (NCT00322153), outpatients with AD (Mini-Mental State Examination scores of […]

Dysken, Maurice W., Sano, Mary, Asthana, Sanjay, Vertrees, Julia E., Pallaki, Muralidhar, Llorente, Maria, Love, Susan, Schellenberg, Gerard D., McCarten, J. Riley, Malphurs, Julie, Prieto, Susana, Chen, Peijun, Loreck, David J., Trapp, George, Bakshi, Rajbir S., Mintzer, Jacobo E., Heidebrink, Judith L., Vidal-Cardona, Ana, Arroyo, Lillian M., Cruz, Angel R., Zachariah, Sally, Kowall, Neil W., Chopra, Mohit P., Craft, Suzanne, Thielke, Stephen, Turvey, Carolyn L., Woodman, Catherine, Monnell, Kimberly A., Gordon, Kimberly, Tomaska, Julie, Segal, Yoav, Peduzzi, Peter N., Guarino, Peter D.

Importance: Although vitamin E and memantine have been shown to have beneficial effects in moderately severe Alzheimer disease (AD), evidence is limited in mild to moderate AD.; Objective: To determine if vitamin E (alpha tocopherol), memantine, or both slow progression of mild to moderate AD in patients taking an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor.; Design, Setting, and Participants: […]

del Ser, Teodoro, Steinwachs, Klaus C., Gertz, Hermann J., Andrés, María V., Gómez-Carrillo, Belén, Medina, Miguel, Vericat, Joan A., Redondo, Pilar, Fleet, David, Leon, Teresa

This pilot, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized, escalating dose trial explored the safety and efficacy of tideglusib, an inhibitor of glycogen synthase kinase-3, in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients. Thirty mild-moderate AD patients on cholinesterase inhibitor treatment were administered escalating doses (400, 600, 800, 1,000 mg) of tideglusib or placebo (ratio 2 : 1) for 4, 4, 6, […]

Darreh-Shori, Taher, Hosseini, Sharokh Makvand, Nordberg, Agneta

Despite three decades of intensive research in the field of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and numerous clinical trials of new therapeutic agents, cholinesterase inhibitors (ChEIs) are still the mainstay of therapeutics for AD and dementia with Lewy bodies. Pharmacodynamic analyses of ChEIs provide paradoxical observations. Treatment with the rapidly reversible, noncarbamylating ChEIs (donepezil, galantamine, and tacrine) […]

Choi, Seong Hye, Park, Kyung Won, Na, Duk L., Han, Hyun Jeong, Kim, Eun-Joo, Shim, Yong S., Lee, Jae-Hong, The EXPECT Study Group,

Objective: To compare the tolerability and efficacy of combination therapy of memantine plus rivastigmine patch with rivastigmine patch monotherapy in patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer’s disease (AD).; Research Design and Methods: In this multicenter, randomized, open-label study, patients entered an 8-week run-in period (a 5 cm 2 rivastigmine patch for 4 weeks, then a […]

Anderson, Craig, Teo, Koon, Gao, Peggy, Arima, Hisatomi, Dans, Antonio, Unger, Thomas, Commerford, Patrick, Dyal, Leanne, Schumacher, Helmut, Pogue, Janice, Paolasso, Ernesto, Holwerda, Nicolaas, Chazova, Irina, Binbrek, Azan, Young, James, Yusuf, Salim

Background: cardiovascular risk factors are associated with dementia and cognitive decline. We investigated the effects of renin-angiotensin system blockade on cognitive function in patients aged 55 years and older with established atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease or diabetes with end-organ damage in two clinical trials.; Methods: in the main study, ONTARGET, a double-blind, double-dummy, randomised controlled trial, […]