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This database contains 283 studies, archived under the term: "diagnosis"

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Reducing false positive diagnoses in mild cognitive impairment: The importance of comprehensive neuropsychological assessment

Background and purpose Longitudinal studies of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) report that a sizeable proportion of MCI cases revert to normal levels of functioning over time. The rate of recovery from MCI indicates that existing MCI diagnostic criteria result in an unacceptably high rate of false positive diagnoses and lack adequate sensitivity and specificity. Methods […]

The effectiveness of a stimulation program on cognitive capacity among individuals older than 60

The purpose of this study was to test the effects of a multistimulant home-based intervention program on cognitive function, anxiety, and depression among older adults with cognitive impairment. This research is quasi-experimental and was designed in an effort to increase the cognitive capacity of individuals above the age of 60 with reduced cognitive capacities. Each […]

The cost-effectiveness of a family meetings intervention to prevent depression and anxiety in family caregivers of patients with dementia: a randomized trial

Background: Dementia imposes a heavy burden on health and social care systems as well as on family caregivers who provide a substantial portion of the care. Interventions that effectively support caregivers may prevent or delay patient institutionalization and hence be cost-effective. However, evidence about the cost-effectiveness of such interventions is scarce. The aim of this […]

Effectiveness of a recovery-orientated psychiatric intervention package on the wellbeing of people with early dementia: a preliminary randomised controlled trial

Objective: To investigate whether recovery-orientated psychiatric assessment and therapeutic intervention enhances the wellbeing of people with dementia and their family carers.; Methods: In a preliminary randomised controlled trial, 48 people with early dementia were recruited. Of 34 who completed the trial, 17 were in the recovery and 17 in the treatment as usual group. Recovery […]

Prediction of dementia in primary care patients

Background: Current approaches for AD prediction are based on biomarkers, which are however of restricted availability in primary care. AD prediction tools for primary care are therefore needed. We present a prediction score based on information that can be obtained in the primary care setting.; Methodology/principal Findings: We performed a longitudinal cohort study in 3.055 […]

Population screening for variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease using a novel blood test: diagnostic accuracy and feasibility study

Importance: Our study indicates a prototype blood-based variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD) assay has sufficient sensitivity and specificity to justify a large study comparing vCJD prevalence in the United Kingdom with a bovine spongiform encephalopathy-unexposed population. In a clinical diagnostic capacity, the assay’s likelihood ratios dramatically change an individual’s pretest disease odds to posttest probabilities and […]

Psychometric properties of the Italian version of the Scales for Outcomes in Parkinson’s disease- Cognition (SCOPA-Cog)

The Scales for Outcomes in Parkinson’s disease-Cognition (SCOPA-Cog) has been shown to be a clinimetrically rigorous and valid instrument for a disease-oriented neuropsychological assessment of Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients. In the present study we evaluated the psychometric properties of the Italian version of the SCOPA-Cog in 121 PD patients. The scale explores memory, attention, and […]

Development and evaluation of a computerized test battery for Alzheimer’s disease screening in community-based settings

Aim: To evaluate the capability of a computerized test battery for Alzheimer’s disease screening which has been newly developed to provide a standardized and efficient method for widespread use in routine clinical and community-based settings.; Methods: Participants were 72 individuals diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease and 102 healthy elderly individuals. Both groups were tested by the […]

Outcomes from the Resources for Enhancing Alzheimer’s Caregiver Health (REACH) program for bereaved caregivers

Although preventive efforts for bereaved individuals have not been shown to be particularly effective in past studies, it has been suggested that intervention effects might be underestimated due to methodological issues such as short follow-up assessments. Thus, the present study aimed to assess the efficacy (as whole intervention packages and as component parts) of the […]

Personality as a moderator of cognitive stimulation in older adults at high risk for cognitive decline

This exploratory study examined the moderating effects of personality traits on cognitive function following a cognitively stimulating individualized activity intervention delivered to individuals at high risk for cognitive decline: those with delirium superimposed on dementia. Data were taken from an ongoing randomized clinical trial with the addition of a personality measure. The results for 71 […]

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