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This database contains 250 studies, archived under the term: "cognition"

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A randomised controlled trial of the use of aromatherapy and hand massage to reduce disruptive behaviour in people with dementia

Background: Aromatherapy and hand massage therapies have been reported to have some benefit for people with dementia who display behavioural symptoms; however there are a number of limitations of reported studies. The aim is to investigate the effect of aromatherapy (3% lavender oil spray) with and without hand massage on disruptive behaviour in people with […]

Cognitive functions in a patient with Parkinson-dementia syndrome undergoing deep brain stimulation

Background: Dementia represents one of the most challenging health problems. Despite intense research, available therapies have thus far only achieved modest results. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an effective treatment option for some movement disorders and is under study for psychiatric applications. Recently, diencephalic DBS revealed selective effects on memory functions, another facet of subcortical […]

Walking the line: a randomised trial on the effects of a short term walking programme on cognition in dementia

Background: Walking has proven to be beneficial for cognition in healthy sedentary older people. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of a walking intervention on cognition in older people with dementia.; Methods: 97 older nursing home residents with moderate dementia (mean age 85.4 years; 79 female participants; mean Mini-Mental State Examination […]

Hand motor activity, cognition, mood, and the rest-activity rhythm in dementia: a clustered RCT

Background: Physical activity such as walking may exert a positive impact on cognition and behaviour in older persons with dementia, but due to the frailty of the population it may be worthwhile to consider other motor activities as well.; Objective: Examining the effects of hand motor activity on cognition, mood and the rest-activity rhythm in […]

A phase 3 trial of semagacestat for treatment of Alzheimer’s disease

Background: Alzheimer’s disease is characterized by the presence of cortical amyloid-beta (Aβ) protein plaques, which result from the sequential action of β-secretase and γ-secretase on amyloid precursor protein. Semagacestat is a small-molecule γ-secretase inhibitor that was developed as a potential treatment for Alzheimer’s disease.; Methods: We conducted a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in which 1537 patients […]

Silicon-rich mineral water as a non-invasive test of the ‘aluminum hypothesis’ in Alzheimer’s disease

There has been a plausible link between human exposure to aluminum and Alzheimer’s disease for several decades. We contend that the only direct and ethically acceptable experimental test of the ‘aluminum hypothesis’, which would provide unequivocal data specific to the link, is to test the null hypothesis that a reduction in the body burden of […]

Fish consumption and cognitive function among older people in the UK: baseline data from the OPAL study

Background: Observational epidemiological data suggest that habitual consumption in later life of oily fish, rich in n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 LCPs), is associated with better cognitive function, slower rates of cognitive decline and a lower risk of dementia. In this paper we present data on baseline fish consumption and cognitive function in cognitively […]

Mental and physical activities delay cognitive decline in older persons with dementia

Objectives: To examine the effects of cognitive stimulation (mahjong) and physical exercise (tai chi [TC]) on cognitive performance in persons with dementia.; Design: Cluster-randomized open-label controlled design.; Setting: Nursing homes.; Participants: One hundred ten residents, most of whom were cholinesterase-inhibitor naive. Inclusion criteria were Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) = 10-24 and suffering from at least very mild […]

Parallel improvement of cognitive functions and P300 latency following donepezil treatment in patients with Alzheimer’s disease: a case-control study

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of donepezil, one of the cholinesterase inhibitors, on P300 measurements in patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and investigate the relationship between the subfactors of cognitive performance and P300 components.; Methods: One hundred outpatients with AD were evaluated for cognitive function (cognitive ability screening instrument) and event-related potentials before and after […]

The effect of midlife physical activity on cognitive function among older adults: AGES–Reykjavik Study

Background: There are few studies on the long-term associations of physical activity (PA) to cognition. Here, we examine the association of midlife PA to late-life cognitive function and dementia.; Methods: The sample consisted of a population-based cohort of men and women (born in 1907-1935) participating in the Age Gene/Environment Susceptibility-Reykjavik Study. The interval between the […]

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