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This database contains 438 studies, archived under the term: "USA"

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Subjective report of word-finding and memory deficits in normal aging and dementia
Objective: Compare subjective reports of both memory and word-finding deficits to clinical diagnosis and objective neuropsychological testing.; Background: With the increasing number of aging individuals with cognitive impairments, effective screening measures would improve the likelihood of detection. Subjective reports of symptoms are typically obtained in clinical settings, yet the validity of these reports is relatively […]

The value of social attributes of stimuli for promoting engagement in persons with dementia
The present study examined the impact of different attributes of social stimuli using the stimulus attributes aspect of the Comprehensive Process Model of Engagement ( Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 17:299-307). Participants were 193 residents of 7 Maryland nursing homes with a diagnosis of dementia. Stimuli were chosen to represent different levels of the following social […]

Effects of cholinesterase inhibitors on visual attention in drivers with Alzheimer disease
Objective: We conducted a combined observational cohort and case-control study in patients with Alzheimer disease (AD) to assess the effects of acetylcholinesterase inhibitor (ChEI) treatment on cognitive functions important for driving.; Methods: Performance of 24 outpatients with newly diagnosed (untreated) early-stage AD was compared before beginning ChEI (pre-ChEI) and after 3 months of therapy (post-ChEI) […]

Autoimmune dementia: clinical course and predictors of immunotherapy response
Objective: To define the diagnostic characteristics and predictors of treatment response in patients with suspected autoimmune dementia.; Patients and Methods: Between January 1, 2002, and January 1, 2009, 72 consecutive patients received immunotherapy for suspected autoimmune dementia. Their baseline clinical, radiologic, and serologic characteristics were reviewed and compared between patients who were responsive to immunotherapy […]

Donepezil treatment of older adults with cognitive impairment and depression (DOTCODE study): clinical rationale and design
Treatment strategies for patients with depression and cognitive impairment (DEP-CI), who are at high risk to develop a clinical diagnosis of dementia, are not established. This issue is addressed in the donepezil treatment of cognitive impairment and depression (DOTCODE) pilot clinical trial. The DOTCODE study is the first long-term treatment trial that assesses differences in […]

A telephone intervention for dementia caregivers: background, design, and baseline characteristics
Family caregivers of individuals with dementia are at heightened risk for emotional and mental health problems. Many caregivers do not seek assistance or become isolated in their caregiving role. Multi-component interventions have demonstrated efficacy for reducing emotional distress and burden, although these approaches are potentially costly and are not widely accessible. In response to these […]

Vitamin E and memantine in Alzheimer’s disease: clinical trial methods and baseline data
Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) has been associated with both oxidative stress and excessive glutamate activity. A clinical trial was designed to compare the effectiveness of (i) alpha-tocopherol, a vitamin E antioxidant; (ii) memantine (Namenda), an N-methyl-D-aspartate antagonist; (iii) their combination; and (iv) placebo in delaying clinical progression in AD.; Methods: The Veterans Affairs Cooperative Studies […]

Use of the Tailored Activities Program to reduce neuropsychiatric behaviors in dementia: an Australian protocol for a randomized trial to evaluate its effectiveness
Background: Behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) are often considered to be the greatest challenge in dementia care, leading to increased healthcare costs, caregiver burden, and placement into care facilities. With potential for pharmacological intervention to exacerbate behaviors or even lead to mortality, the development and rigorous testing of non-pharmacological interventions is vital. A […]

Memantine for AIDS dementia complex: open-label report of ACTG 301
Objective: To evaluate the long-term safety and efficacy of memantine use as treatment of HIV-associated cognitive impairment.; Background: The results of a 20-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of memantine in HIV-infected participants with cognitive impairment (ACTG 301) were previously reported. We report the results of the up-to-60-week open-label phase following the double-blind phase.; Method: Participants […]

MRI signatures of brain macrostructural atrophy and microstructural degradation in frontotemporal lobar degeneration subtypes
Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies have demonstrated regional patterns of brain macrostructural atrophy and white matter microstructural alterations separately in the three major subtypes of frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD), which includes behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD), semantic dementia (SD), and progressive nonfluent aphasia (PNFA). This study was to investigate to what extent the pattern […]

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