This database contains 12 studies, archived under the term: "trends"
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The effects of a long-term care walking program on balance, falls and well-being
Background: The effects of a regular and graduated walking program as a stand-alone intervention for individuals in long-term care are unclear. Exercise and fall prevention programs typically studied in long-term care settings tend to involve more than one exercise mode, such as a combination of balance, aerobic, strengthening, and flexibility exercises; and, measures do not […]
The implementation of the serial trial intervention for pain and challenging behaviour in advanced dementia patients (STA OP!): a clustered randomized controlled trial
Pieper, Marjoleine J. C.,
Achterberg, Wilco P.,
Francke, Anneke L.,
van der Steen, Jenny T.,
Scherder, Erik J.A.,
Kovach, Christine R.
Background: Pain (physical discomfort) and challenging behaviour are highly prevalent in nursing home residents with dementia: at any given time 45-80% of nursing home residents are in pain and up to 80% have challenging behaviour. In the USA Christine Kovach developed the serial trial intervention (STI) and established that this protocol leads to less discomfort […]
Diagnostic performance of cerebrospinal fluid total tau and phosphorylated tau in Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease: results from the Swedish Mortality Registry
Skillbäck, Tobias,
Rosén, Christoffer,
Asztely, Fredrik,
Mattsson, Niklas,
Blennow, Kaj,
Zetterberg, Henrik
Importance: Identifying a clinical distinction between the invariably lethal prion disease Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) and nonprion rapidly progressive dementias is important and sometimes difficult; thus, reliable tools for diagnosis are in great demand.; Objective: To test the diagnostic performance of dementia cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers total tau (T-tau), phosphorylated tau (P-tau), and the T-tau to […]
Improvements in gait characteristics after intensive resistance and functional training in people with dementia: a randomised controlled trial
Schwenk, Michael,
Zieschang, Tania,
Englert, Stefan,
Grewal, Gurtej,
Najafi, Bijan,
Hauer, Klaus
Background: Preventing and rehabilitating gait disorders in people with dementia during early disease stage is of high importance for staying independent and ambulating safely. However, the evidence gathered in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the effectiveness of exercise training for improving spatio-temporal gait parameters in people with dementia is scarce. The aim of the present […]
Prediction of manifest Huntington’s disease with clinical and imaging measures: a prospective observational study
Paulsen, Jane S.,
Long, Jeffrey D,
Ross, Christopher A,
Harrington, Deborah L,
Erwin, Cheryl J,
Williams, Janet K,
Westervelt, Holly James,
Johnson, Hans J,
Aylward, Elizabeth H,
Zhang, Ying,
Bockholt, H Jeremy,
Barker, Roger A
Background: Although the association between cytosine-adenine-guanine (CAG) repeat length and age at onset of Huntington’s disease is well known, improved prediction of onset would be advantageous for clinical trial design and prognostic counselling. We compared various measures for tracking progression and predicting conversion to manifest Huntington’s disease.; Methods: In this prospective observational study, we assessed […]
Cognitive function, social integration and mortality in a U.S. national cohort study of older adults
Background: Prior research suggests an interaction between social networks and Alzheimer’s disease pathology and cognitive function, all predictors of survival in the elderly. We test the hypotheses that both social integration and cognitive function are independently associated with subsequent mortality and there is an interaction between social integration and cognitive function as related to mortality […]
Memantine is associated with longer survival than donepezil in a Veterans Affairs prescription database, 1997 to 2008
Lazzeroni, Laura C.,
Halbauer, Joshua D.,
Ashford, J. Wesson,
Noda, Art,
Hernandez, Beatriz,
Azor, Virgina,
Hozack, Nikki,
Hasson, Noelle,
Henderson, Victor W.,
Yesavage, Jerome A.,
Tinklenberg, Jared R.
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) shortens life-expectancy, but the effects of pharmacological treatments for this disorder on mortality have not been studied. We compared two commonly prescribed medications, donepezil and memantine, with respect to the length of survival of veterans presumed to have AD. The Computerized Medical Records System at the Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care […]
Population screening for variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease using a novel blood test: diagnostic accuracy and feasibility study
Jackson, Graham S.,
Burk-Rafel, Jesse,
Edgeworth, Julie Ann,
Sicilia, Anita,
Abdilahi, Sabah,
Korteweg, Justine,
Mackey, Jonathan,
Thomas, Claire,
Wang, Guosu,
Schott, Jonathan M.,
Mummery, Catherine,
Chinnery, Patrick F.,
Mead, Simon,
Collinge, John
Importance: Our study indicates a prototype blood-based variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD) assay has sufficient sensitivity and specificity to justify a large study comparing vCJD prevalence in the United Kingdom with a bovine spongiform encephalopathy-unexposed population. In a clinical diagnostic capacity, the assay’s likelihood ratios dramatically change an individual’s pretest disease odds to posttest probabilities and […]