Cummings, Jeffrey, Emre, Murat, Aarsland, Dag, Tekin, Sibel, Dronamraju, Nalina, Lane, Roger

Hallucinations in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) may indicate greater cortical cholinergic deficits. Rivastigmine has shown larger treatment benefits versus placebo in dementia with Lewy bodies and Parkinson’s disease dementia patients with hallucinations. In this retrospective, hypothesis-generating analysis, we investigated whether hallucinations in AD were associated with greater treatment benefits with rivastigmine. Data were pooled from two […]

Cornelli, Umberto

A formula (formula F) was prepared to counteract oxidative stress (OS) in the brain. The formula contained the most common antioxidants and was intended to: (a) protect proteins, lipids, DNA and proteoglycans from oxidation (carnosine, coenzyme Q(10), vitamin E, vitamin C, beta-carotene, selenium, L-cysteine and ginkgo biloba); (b) reduce homocysteine (HCy) blood levels (vitamins B(6), […]

Abbatecola, Angela M., Lattanzio, Fabrizia, Molinari, Anna M., Cioffi, Michele, Mansi, Luigi, Rambaldi, Pierfrancesco, DiCioccio, Luigi, Cacciapuoti, Federico, Canonico, Raffaele, Paolisso, Giuseppe

Objective: Studies have suggested that insulin resistance plays a role in cognitive impairment in individuals with type 2 diabetes. We aimed to determine whether an improvement in insulin resistance could explain cognitive performance variations over 36 weeks in older individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and type 2 diabetes.; Research Design and Methods: A total […]

Wroolie, T. E., Kenna, H. A., Williams, K. E., Powers, B. N., Holcomb, M., Lazzeroni, L., Rasgon, N. L.

Background: To determine the effects of memantine on cognition in a normal population of postmenopausal women with putative risk factors for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) using a built-in control for the genetic risk factor for AD (apoE-epsilon4 status).; Methods: A prospective, open-label, 6-month pilot medication trial with memantine and follow-up after discontinuance conducted at the Center […]

Watson, G. Stennis, Baker, Laura D., Cholerton, Brenna A., Rhoads, Kristoffer W., Merriam, George R., Schellenberg, Gerard D., Asthana, Sanjay, Cherrier, Monique, Craft, Suzanne

Both insulin alone and the somatostatin analogue octreotide alone facilitate memory in patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Since octreotide inhibits endogenous insulin secretion, the cognitive effects of insulin and octreotide may not be independent. This study tested the individual and interactive effects of insulin and octreotide on memory and plasma growth hormone (GH) levels in […]

Wang, Lucy Y., Shofer, Jane B., Rohde, Kirsten, Hart, Kim L., Hoff, David J., McFall, Yun H., Raskind, Murray A., Peskind, Elaine R.

Objectives: Agitation/aggression in Alzheimer disease (AD) is a major cause of patient distress, caregiver burden, and institutionalization. Enhanced behavioral responsiveness to central nervous system norepinephrine (NE) release may contribute to the pathophysiology of agitation/aggression in AD. Prazosin, a nonsedating generic medication used for hypertension and benign prostatic hypertrophy, antagonizes NE effects at brain postsynaptic alpha-1 […]

Venneri, Annalena, McGeown, William J., Shanks, Michael F.

Clinical trials of cholinesterase inhibitor (ChEI) drugs, although generally reporting only minimal improvements in patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD), indicate that a subgroup of patients may respond substantially to treatment. This study aimed to assess the clinically variable ChEI treatment effects in a group of patients with mild AD using a semantic association and an […]

Velayudhan, Latha, Lovestone, Simon

Background: Olfactory dysfunction, impaired odor identification in particular, is known to occur in Alzheimer disease (AD). The entorhinal cortex and the olfactory bulb, critical areas for olfactory function, are rich in acetylcholine, the neurotransmitter implicated in AD pathology and treatment. In view of the common anatomical substrate, we aimed to determine whether performance on an […]

Szaniszlo, P., German, P., Hajas, G., Saenz, D. N., Kruzel, M., Boldogh, I.

Background: The pathomechanism of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is multifactorial although the most popular hypotheses are centered on the effects of the misfolded, aggregated protein, amyloid beta (Abeta) and on Tau hyperphosphorylation.; Objectives: Double blinded clinical trials were planned to demonstrate the effect of Colostrinin (CLN) on instrumental daily activities of AD patients. The potential molecular […]

Squitieri, Ferdinando, Orobello, Sara, Cannella, Milena, Martino, Tiziana, Romanelli, Pantaleo, Giovacchini, Giampiero, Frati, Luigi, Mansi, Luigi, Ciarmiello, Andrea

Purpose: Huntington disease (HD) mutation increases gain-of-toxic functions contributing to glutamate-mediated excitotoxicity. Riluzole interferes with glutamatergic neurotransmission, thereby reducing excitotoxicity, enhancing neurite formation in damaged motoneurons and increasing serum concentrations of BDNF, a brain cortex neurotrophin protecting striatal neurons from degeneration.; Methods: We investigated metabolic and volumetric differences in distinct brain areas between 11 riluzole-treated […]