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This database contains 52 studies, archived under the term: "cognitive impairment"

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Visuospatial memory and neuroimaging correlates in mild cognitive impairment
Spatial abilities decline in normal aging and decrease faster and earlier in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), but these deficits are under investigated. The main goals of this study were to assess visuospatial memory abilities in mild cognitive impairment (MCI), in order to verify whether these tasks might be valid as the standard cognitive test to differentiate […]

Animal-assisted therapy and agitation and depression in nursing home residents with dementia: A matched case–control trial
Objectives: To investigate the efficacy of animal-assisted therapy (AAT) on symptoms of agitation/aggression and depression in nursing home residents with dementia in a randomized controlled trial. Previous studies have indicated that AAT has beneficial effects on neuropsychiatric symptoms in various psychiatric disorders but few studies have investigated the efficacy of AAT in patients suffering from […]

Ten‐year trajectory of potentially inappropriate medications in very old women: Importance of cognitive status
Objectives: To determine which older adults tend to receive potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs), how this may differ according to cognitive status, and how the trajectories of PIM use change over time. Design: Ten-year longitudinal cohort study. Setting: Three clinical sites in the United States. Participants: One thousand four hundred eighty-four community-dwelling women aged 75 and […]

Reducing false positive diagnoses in mild cognitive impairment: The importance of comprehensive neuropsychological assessment
Background and purpose Longitudinal studies of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) report that a sizeable proportion of MCI cases revert to normal levels of functioning over time. The rate of recovery from MCI indicates that existing MCI diagnostic criteria result in an unacceptably high rate of false positive diagnoses and lack adequate sensitivity and specificity. Methods […]

Problem adaptation therapy for older adults with major depression and cognitive impairment: A randomized clinical trial
IMPORTANCE: Problem adaptation therapy (PATH) is a treatment for older adults with major depression, cognitive impairment (from mild cognitive deficits to moderate dementia), and disability. Antidepressants have limited efficacy in this population and psychosocial interventions are inadequately investigated. OBJECTIVE: To test the efficacy of 12-week PATH vs supportive therapy for cognitively impaired patients (ST-CI) in […]

Efficacy of a cognitive training programme for mild cognitive impairment: Results of a randomised controlled study
This study aimed to determine the efficacy of cognitive training in a 10-week randomised controlled study involving 22 individuals presenting with mild cognitive impairment of the amnestic type (MCI-A). Participants in the experimental group (n = 11) learned face–name associations using a paradigm combining errorless (EL) learning and spaced retrieval (SR) whereas participants in the […]

Cilostazol add-on therapy in patients with mild dementia receiving donepezil: A retrospective study
Goal: Combinatorial therapy directed at both vascular and neurodegenerative aspects of dementia may offer a promising strategy for treatment of dementia, which often has a multifactorial basis in the elderly. We investigated whether the phosphodiesterase III inhibitor cilostazol, which is often used in the prevention of stroke and peripheral artery disease, may delay cognitive decline […]

Using the Montessori approach for a clientele with cognitive impairments: A quasi-experimental study design
Background: The choice of activities responding to the needs of people with moderate to severe dementia is a growing concern for care providers trying to target the need for a feeling of self-accomplishment by adapting activities to the abilities of elderly patients. The activities created by Maria Montessori seem to be adaptable to this clientele. […]

Effects of problem solving therapy on mental health outcomes in family caregivers of persons with a new diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment or early dementia: A randomized controlled trial
Objective: Interventions directed at the mental health of family dementia caregivers may have limited impact when focused on caregivers who have provided care for years and report high burden levels. We sought to evaluate the mental health effects of problem-solving therapy (PST), designed for caregivers of individuals with a recent diagnosis of Mild Cognitive Impairment […]

Can a memory club help maintain cognitive function? A pilot investigation
In a pilot investigation we evaluated the impact of a structured early memory loss (EML) program intervention in a longitudinal (repeated measures) study of 55 persons with mild cognitive impairment or mild dementia. At four test sites we examined whether participation in the club—which sought to stimulate mental activity and social interaction, provide opportunities for […]

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