Heaton, Robert K., Franklin, Donald R., Ellis, Ronald J., McCutchan, J. Allen, Letendre, Scott L., Leblanc, Shannon, Corkran, Stephanie H., Duarte, Nichole A., Clifford, David B., Woods, Steven P., Collier, Ann C., Marra, Christina M., Morgello, Susan, Mindt, Monica Rivera, Taylor, Michael J., Marcotte, Thomas D., Atkinson, J. Hampton, Wolfson, Tanya, Gelman, Benjamin B., McArthur, Justin C., Simpson, David M., Abramson, Ian, Gamst, Anthony, Fennema-Notestine, Christine, Jernigan, Terry L., Wong, Joseph, Grant, Igor

Combination antiretroviral therapy (CART) has greatly reduced medical morbidity and mortality with HIV infection, but high rates of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) continue to be reported. Because large HIV-infected (HIV+) and uninfected (HIV-) groups have not been studied with similar methods in the pre-CART and CART eras, it is unclear whether CART has changed the […]

Gandhi, Nishiena S., Skolasky, Richard L., Peters, Katherine B., Moxley, Richard T. th, Creighton, Jason, Roosa, Heidi Vornbrock, Selnes, Ola A., McArthur, Justin, Sacktor, Ned

The objectives of this study are to compare the results of newer performance-based functional assessments in the study of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) and to correlate these functional assessments with specific levels of severity of HAND. One hundred fourteen HIV+ subjects in an existing cohort were evaluated with a medical history, neurological exam, neuropsychological test […]

Ellis, Ronald J., Badiee, Jayraan, Vaida, Florin, Letendre, Scott, Heaton, Robert K., Clifford, David, Collier, Ann C., Gelman, Benjamin, McArthur, Justin, Morgello, Susan, McCutchan, J. Allen, Grant, Igor

Objective: Despite immune recovery in individuals on combination antiretroviral therapy (CART), the frequency of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HANDs) remains high. Immune recovery is typically achieved after initiation of ART from the nadir, or the lowest historical CD4. The present study evaluated the probability of neuropsychological impairment (NPI) and HAND as a function of CD4 nadir […]

Zhao, Yu, Navia, Bradford A., Marra, Christina M., Singer, Elyse J., Chang, Linda, Berger, Joseph, Ellis, Ronald J., Kolson, Dennis L., Simpson, David, Miller, Eric N., Lipton, Stuart A., Evans, Scott R., Schifitto, Giovanni

Objective: To evaluate the long-term safety and efficacy of memantine use as treatment of HIV-associated cognitive impairment.; Background: The results of a 20-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of memantine in HIV-infected participants with cognitive impairment (ACTG 301) were previously reported. We report the results of the up-to-60-week open-label phase following the double-blind phase.; Method: Participants […]

Simioni, S., Cavassini, M., Annoni, J.-M., Metral, M., Iglesias, K., Rimbault Abraham, A., Jilek, S., Calmy, A., Muller, H., Fayet-Mello, A., Giacobini, E., Hirschel, B., Du Pasquier, R. A.

Objective: To assess the efficacy and safety of rivastigmine for the treatment of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) in a cohort of long-lasting aviremic HIV+ patients.; Methods: Seventeen aviremic HIV+ patients with HAND were enrolled in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study to receive either oral rivastigmine (up to 12 mg/day for 20 weeks) followed by […]

Ragin, Ann B., D’Souza, Gypsyamber, Reynolds, Sandra, Miller, Eric, Sacktor, Ned, Selnes, Ola A., Martin, Eileen, Visscher, Barbara R., Becker, James T.

An association between platelet decline and increased risk of progression to dementia has been observed in an advanced HIV infection cohort study. This investigation evaluated the prognostic significance of platelet decline for dementia, for psychomotor slowing, and for brain injury, as quantified in vivo, in a much larger population of HIV+ men. Platelet counts and […]

Cettomai, Deanna, Kwasa, Judith, Birbeck, Gretchen L., Price, Richard W., Bukusi, Elizabeth A., Meyer, Ana-Claire

Background: Recent efforts to improve neurological care in resource-limited settings have focused on providing training to non-physician healthcare workers.; Methods: A one-day neuro-HIV training module emphasizing HIV-associated dementia (HAD) and peripheral neuropathy was provided to 71 health care workers in western Kenya. Pre- and post-tests were administered to 55 participants.; Results: Mean age of participants […]