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Randomized, placebo-controlled, clinical trial of donepezil in vascular dementia: differential effects by hippocampal size

Authors

Román, Gustavo C., Salloway, Stephen, Black, Sandra E., Royall, Donald R., DeCarli, Charles, Weiner, Michael W., Moline, Margaret, Kumar, Dinesh, Schindler, Rachel, Posner, Holly

Journal

Stroke; A Journal Of Cerebral Circulation, Volume: 41, No.: 6, Pages.: 1213-1221

Year of Publication

2010

Abstract

Background and Purpose: We sought to assess the efficacy and safety of donepezil in patients with vascular dementia (VaD) fulfilling National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke-Association Internationale pour la Recherche et l’Enseignement en Neurosciences criteria.; Methods: This international, multicenter, 24-week trial was conducted from March 2003 to August 2005. Patients (N=974; mean age, 73.0 years) with probable or possible VaD were randomized 2:1 to receive donepezil 5 mg/d or placebo. Coprimary outcome measures were scores on the Vascular-Alzheimer Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive Subscale and Clinician’s Interview-Based Impression of Change, plus carer interview. Analyses were performed for the intent-to-treat population with the last-observation-carried-forward method.; Results: Compared with placebo, donepezil-treated patients showed significant improvement from baseline to end point on the Vascular-Alzheimer Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive Subscale (least-squares mean difference, -1.156; 95% CI, -1.98 to -0.33; P<0.01) but not on the Clinician's Interview-Based Impression of Change, plus carer interview. Patients with hippocampal atrophy who were treated with donepezil demonstrated stable cognition versus a decline in the placebo-treated group; in those without atrophy, cognition improved with donepezil versus relative stability with placebo. Results on secondary efficacy measures were inconsistent. The incidence of adverse events was similar across groups. Eleven deaths occurred in the donepezil group (1.7%), similar to rates previously reported for donepezil trials in VaD, whereas no deaths occurred in the placebo group.; Conclusions: Patients treated with donepezil 5 mg/d demonstrated significant improvement in cognitive, but not global, function. Donepezil was relatively well tolerated; adverse events were consistent with current labeling. Mortality in the placebo group was unexpectedly low. The differential treatment response of VaD patients by hippocampal size suggests that hippocampal imaging warrants further investigation for understanding VaD.;

Bibtex Citation

@article{Roman_2010, doi = {10.1161/strokeaha.109.570077}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/strokeaha.109.570077}, year = 2010, month = {apr}, publisher = {Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)}, volume = {41}, number = {6}, pages = {1213--1221}, author = {G. C. Roman and S. Salloway and S. E. Black and D. R. Royall and C. DeCarli and M. W. Weiner and M. Moline and D. Kumar and R. Schindler and H. Posner}, title = {Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Clinical Trial of Donepezil in Vascular Dementia: Differential Effects by Hippocampal Size}, journal = {Stroke} }

Keywords

administration & dosage, adult, adverse, adverse effects, aged, aged, 80 and over, cognition, dementia vascular, donezepil, double-blind method, drug effects, drug therapy, events, female, hippocampus, humans, indans, male, middle aged, mortality, nootropic agents, organ size, physiopathology, piperidines, radiography

Countries of Study

Canada, Germany, USA

Types of Dementia

Vascular Dementia

Types of Study

Randomised Controlled Trial

Type of Outcomes

Carer Burden (instruments measuring burden), Cognition, Other

Type of Interventions

Pharmaceutical Interventions

Pharmaceutical Interventions

Anti-Alzheimer medications, e.g.: donezepil, galantamine, rivastigmine, memantime