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Clinical trial of an inhibitor of RAGE-Aβ interactions in Alzheimer disease

Authors

Galasko, D., Bell, J., Mancuso, J. Y., Kupiec, J. W., Sabbagh, M. N., van Dyck, C., Thomas, R. G., Aisen, P. S.

Journal

Neurology, Volume: 82, No.: 17, Pages.: 1536-1542

Year of Publication

2014

Abstract

Objective: To examine safety, tolerability, and efficacy of PF-04494700, an inhibitor of the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE), in mild to moderate Alzheimer disease (AD).; Methods: Double-blind, placebo-controlled trial at 40 academic centers (United States). Subjects with AD and Mini-Mental State Examination score 14-26 were randomized to PF-04494700 60 mg/day × 6 days, then 20 mg daily (high dose); 15 mg/day × 6 days, then 5 mg daily (low dose); or placebo, for 18 months. Clinical and laboratory measures were used to evaluate safety and tolerability. The primary efficacy measure was the Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale-cognitive (ADAS-cog). Secondary measures assessed clinical stage, function, behavior, MRI, and CSF biomarkers.; Results: A total of 399 subjects were randomized. In a prespecified interim analysis, when 50% of subjects had completed the 6-month visit, the high dose was associated with confusion, falls, and greater ADAS-cog decline and was discontinued. A second prespecified analysis compared low-dose and placebo groups for futility and safety approximately 12 months after all subjects were randomized. This analysis met criteria for futility, and treatment was discontinued. There were no safety concerns in the low-dose group. Analyses including post-futility data showed decreased decline on the ADAS-cog in the low-dose group at month 18. Other clinical and biomarker measures showed no differences between low-dose treatment and placebo.; Conclusions: PF-04494700 at 20 mg/d was associated with increased adverse events and cognitive decline. At 5 mg/d, PF-04494700 had a good safety profile. A potential benefit for this low dose on the ADAS-cog is not conclusive, because of high dropout and discontinuation rates subsequent to the interim analyses.; Classification Of Evidence: This study provides Class I evidence that in patients with AD high-dose PF-04494700 increased cognitive decline at 6 months and Class IV evidence that low-dose PF-04494700 slowed cognitive decline at 18 months.;

Bibtex Citation

@article{Galasko_2014, doi = {10.1212/wnl.0000000000000364}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/wnl.0000000000000364}, year = 2014, month = {apr}, publisher = {Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)}, volume = {82}, number = {17}, pages = {1536--1542}, author = {D. Galasko and J. Bell and J. Y. Mancuso and J. W. Kupiec and M. N. Sabbagh and C. van Dyck and R. G. Thomas and P. S. Aisen}, title = {Clinical trial of an inhibitor of {RAGE}-A~ interactions in Alzheimer disease}, journal = {Neurology} }

Keywords

advanced, aged, aged, 80 and over, alzheimer disease, antagonists inhibitors, antipsychotic agents, blood, cognition disorders, complications, double-blind method, drug administration schedule, drug therapy, end, etiology, female, for, glycation, glycosylation end products advanced, humans, inhibitor, male, metabolism, middle aged, of, outcome assessment (health care), pf04494700, product, psychiatric status rating scales, receptor, the, therapeutic use, time factors, united states

Countries of Study

USA

Types of Dementia

Alzheimer’s Disease

Types of Study

Randomised Controlled Trial

Type of Outcomes

Behaviour, Cognition

Settings

Hospital Outpatient Care

Type of Interventions

Pharmaceutical Interventions

Pharmaceutical Interventions

Other