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This database contains 40 studies, archived under the term: "sensitivity and specificity"

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Working memory capacity and its relation to stroop interference and facilitation effects in individuals with mild cognitive impairment

Purpose: The purposes of the study were to investigate (a) the task-specific differences in short-term memory (STM) and working memory capacity (WMC) in individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and normal elderly adults (NEAs), (b) the Stroop interference and facilitation effects, and (c) the relationship of STM and WMC to the Stroop effects.; Method: Thirty-two […]

Detecting MCI and dementia in primary care: effectiveness of the MMS, the FAQ and the IQCODE corrected

Objectives: To study the yield of three instruments for detection of patients with cognitive impairment in primary care. To investigate whether combining tests is better for detecting impairment than applying them separately.; Methods: Seven primary care physicians (PCP) systematically recruited individuals aged over 49 years with a complaint or suspicion of cognitive impairment. The tests […]

Pain and distress in advanced dementia: choosing the right tools for the job

Objective: There is a concern that pain is under-recognized in dementia. However, there may be other causes of distress. We wished to evaluate the utility of a distress tool and a pain tool.; Methods: Nursing home residents with advanced dementia were observed using pain (Pain Assessment in Advanced Dementia scale (PAINAD)) and distress (Disability Distress […]

Voxel-level comparison of arterial spin-labeled perfusion MRI and FDG-PET in Alzheimer disease

Objective: We compared the ability of arterial spin labeling (ASL), an MRI method that measures cerebral blood flow (CBF), to that of FDG-PET in distinguishing patients with Alzheimer disease (AD) from healthy, age-matched controls.; Methods: Fifteen patients with AD (mean age 72 ± 6 years, Mini-Mental State Examination score [MMSE] 20 ± 6) and 19 […]

Diagnostic accuracy of the Phototest for cognitive impairment and dementia in Argentina

Phototest is a simple, easy and very brief test with theoretical advantages over available dementia screening tests in Spain. The objective of this study was to estimate the diagnostic accuracy of the Phototest for cognitive impairment and dementia and to compare it with that of the MMSE and the Clock Drawing Test (CDT) in an […]

Validity of the free and cued selective reminding test in predicting dementia: the 3C study

Objective: We assessed the validity of the Free and Cued Selective Reminding Test (FCSRT) in predicting dementia 2 and 5 years after initial evaluation in a population-based cohort over age 65 years participating in the French 3 Cities (3C) study.; Methods: The FCSRT was administered at baseline along with demographics, cognitive and functional scales, and […]

Methodological improvements in quantifying cognitive change in clinical trials: an example with single-dose administration of donepezil

Objectives: Change in cognitive function in response to a pharmacologic challenge can be observed with greater sensitivity by employing cognitive tests with optimal psychometric properties and a statistical approach that more accurately accounts for individual variability in performance. To demonstrate this approach we examined the cognitive effects of a single acute dose administration of an […]

Voxel-based morphometry in individual patients: a pilot study in early Huntington disease

Background and Purpose: Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) has proved a powerful method to detect subtle changes of gray matter (GM) at the group level but the role of VBM for the detection of GM changes in single subjects, especially in those with suspected neurodegenerative disorder, remains uncertain. Here, we performed single subject analyses in 22 patients […]

Comparing registration methods for mapping brain change using tensor-based morphometry

Measures of brain changes can be computed from sequential MRI scans, providing valuable information on disease progression for neuroscientific studies and clinical trials. Tensor-based morphometry (TBM) creates maps of these brain changes, visualizing the 3D profile and rates of tissue growth or atrophy. In this paper, we examine the power of different nonrigid registration models […]

A simple cognitive test which detects early decline in cognitive function

Aim: The aim of this study was to examine our new cognitive test which detects early decline in cognitive function.; Methods: Our newly developed Simple Cognitive test (SC-test) takes 3 minutes, during which participants choose the figures in which both the shape and color are different from the figure on the left end of each […]

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