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This database contains 27 studies, archived under the term: "predictive value of tests"

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Serotonergic function and treatment of behavioral and psychological symptoms of frontotemporal dementia

Objectives: The purposes of this study were first, to evaluate the effectiveness of citalopram in treating behavioral disturbances in frontotemporal dementia (FTD) subjects and second, to determine whether an association exists between serotonergic function, as determined by a neuroendocrine challenge, and treatment response.; Design: Single-dose citalopram (30 mg per os) challenge followed by a 6-week […]

The NIH stroke scale can establish cognitive function after stroke

Background: Cognitive impairment is an important but underrecognised consequence of stroke. We investigated whether a subset of items from the NIH Stroke Scale (NIHSS) could yield valid information on cognitive status in a group of stroke patients.; Methods: 149 stroke patients from the Göteborg 70+ Stroke Study were investigated after 18 months. We extracted 4 […]

CD4 nadir is a predictor of HIV neurocognitive impairment in the era of combination antiretroviral therapy

Objective: Despite immune recovery in individuals on combination antiretroviral therapy (CART), the frequency of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HANDs) remains high. Immune recovery is typically achieved after initiation of ART from the nadir, or the lowest historical CD4. The present study evaluated the probability of neuropsychological impairment (NPI) and HAND as a function of CD4 nadir […]

Voxel-level comparison of arterial spin-labeled perfusion MRI and FDG-PET in Alzheimer disease

Objective: We compared the ability of arterial spin labeling (ASL), an MRI method that measures cerebral blood flow (CBF), to that of FDG-PET in distinguishing patients with Alzheimer disease (AD) from healthy, age-matched controls.; Methods: Fifteen patients with AD (mean age 72 ± 6 years, Mini-Mental State Examination score [MMSE] 20 ± 6) and 19 […]

Effects of memantine on clinical ratings, fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography measurements, and cerebrospinal fluid assays in patients with moderate to severe Alzheimer dementia: a 24-week, randomized, clinical trial

Most experts consider that memantine has a symptomatic treatment, but clinical trials have not yet provided compelling evidence to support a disease-modifying effect. We investigate the effects of memantine on clinical ratings; fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) measurements, which can monitor disease-modifying effect; and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) assays in patients with moderate to severe probable […]

Evidence-based interventions in dementia: A pragmatic cluster-randomised trial of an educational intervention to promote earlier recognition and response to dementia in primary care (EVIDEM-ED)

Background: The National Dementia Strategy seeks to enhance general practitioners’ diagnostic and management skills in dementia. Early diagnosis in dementia within primary care is important as this allows those with dementia and their family care networks to engage with support services and plan for the future. There is, however, evidence that dementia remains under-detected and […]

Counsellors contact dementia caregivers–predictors of utilisation in a longitudinal study

Background: Counselling of family members is an established procedure in the support of dementia patients’ relatives. In absence of widespread specialised dementia care services in most countries, however, counselling services are often not taken up or only very late in the course of the disease.; Object: In order to promote acceptance of this service, a […]

Validity of the free and cued selective reminding test in predicting dementia: the 3C study

Objective: We assessed the validity of the Free and Cued Selective Reminding Test (FCSRT) in predicting dementia 2 and 5 years after initial evaluation in a population-based cohort over age 65 years participating in the French 3 Cities (3C) study.; Methods: The FCSRT was administered at baseline along with demographics, cognitive and functional scales, and […]

Smell identification test as a treatment response marker in patients with Alzheimer disease receiving donepezil

Background: Olfactory dysfunction, impaired odor identification in particular, is known to occur in Alzheimer disease (AD). The entorhinal cortex and the olfactory bulb, critical areas for olfactory function, are rich in acetylcholine, the neurotransmitter implicated in AD pathology and treatment. In view of the common anatomical substrate, we aimed to determine whether performance on an […]

Cognitive decline from estimated premorbid status predicts neurodegeneration in Alzheimer’s disease

This study investigated the relationship between premorbid and current cognitive function with respect to the clinical features of patients with various types of neurodegeneration in the form of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and subjective cognitive impairment (SCI), as compared with a healthy control group (C). Clinical features (MMSE, cognitive and depressive symptoms), […]

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