Hsu, Chih-Cheng, Wahlqvist, Mark L., Lee, Meei-Shyuan, Tsai, Hsin-Ni

To determine incidence of dementia in type 2 diabetic (T2DM) patients, and whether there are adverse or favorable effects of oral agents (OA) in DM, we obtained a representative cohort of 800,000 from Taiwan’s National Health Insurance database. Those who, as of on January 1, 2000, were 50 years or older and dementia free (n […]

Harrington, C., Sawchak, S., Chiang, C., Davies, J., Donovan, C., Saunders, A. M., Irizarry, M., Jeter, B., Zvartau-Hind, M., van Dyck, C. H., Gold, M.

Introduction: Two phase 3 studies evaluated the efficacy and safety of rosiglitazone (RSG), a type 2 diabetes treatment, in an extended release (RSG XR) form as adjunctive therapy to ongoing acetylcholine esterase inhibitor (AChEI) treatment in AD (REFLECT-2, adjunctive to donepezil; REFLECT-3, to any AChEI). An open-label extension study (REFLECT-4) assessed RSG XR long-term safety.; […]

Abbatecola, Angela M., Lattanzio, Fabrizia, Molinari, Anna M., Cioffi, Michele, Mansi, Luigi, Rambaldi, Pierfrancesco, DiCioccio, Luigi, Cacciapuoti, Federico, Canonico, Raffaele, Paolisso, Giuseppe

Objective: Studies have suggested that insulin resistance plays a role in cognitive impairment in individuals with type 2 diabetes. We aimed to determine whether an improvement in insulin resistance could explain cognitive performance variations over 36 weeks in older individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and type 2 diabetes.; Research Design and Methods: A total […]

Watson, G. Stennis, Baker, Laura D., Cholerton, Brenna A., Rhoads, Kristoffer W., Merriam, George R., Schellenberg, Gerard D., Asthana, Sanjay, Cherrier, Monique, Craft, Suzanne

Both insulin alone and the somatostatin analogue octreotide alone facilitate memory in patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Since octreotide inhibits endogenous insulin secretion, the cognitive effects of insulin and octreotide may not be independent. This study tested the individual and interactive effects of insulin and octreotide on memory and plasma growth hormone (GH) levels in […]

Gold, Michael, Alderton, Claire, Zvartau-Hind, Marina, Egginton, Sally, Saunders, Ann M., Irizarry, Michael, Craft, Suzanne, Landreth, Gary, Linnamägi, Ulla, Sawchak, Sharon

Background/aims: A phase II study of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ agonist rosiglitazone extended release (RSG XR) in mild-to-moderate Alzheimer’s disease (AD) detected a treatment benefit to cognition in apolipoprotein E(APOE)-ε4-negative subjects. The current phase III study with prospective stratification by APOE genotype was conducted to confirm the efficacy and safety of RSG XR in mild-to-moderate […]

Stein, Mark S., Scherer, Samuel C., Ladd, Kylie S., Harrison, Leonard C.

Poor vitamin D nutrition is linked with dementia, but vitamin D has not been tested in a randomized controlled trial (RCT) in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Nasal insulin acutely improves cognition and vitamin D upregulates insulin receptor expression and enhances insulin action. In an RCT we examined the effect of high-dose vitamin D followed by nasal […]