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This database contains 52 studies, archived under the term: "cognitive impairment"

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Treatment of vascular risk factors is associated with slower decline in Alzheimer disease

Background: There is growing evidence that vascular risk factors (VRF) contribute to cognitive decline. Whether their treatment can slow down the progression of Alzheimer disease (AD) remains unsettled. The aim of this observational study was to evaluate whether the treatment of VRF is associated with a slower cognitive decline in patients who have AD without […]

Goal-oriented cognitive rehabilitation for an individual with mild cognitive impairment: Behavioural and neuroimaging outcomes

An individual, goal-oriented cognitive rehabilitation intervention was conducted with AB, a 77-year-old woman with MCI. Outcomes were evaluated using a client-centred measure of goal achievement and an experimental associative learning task testing a skill practised in the intervention. Pre- and post-intervention fMRI scans were compared to examine changes in brain activation. Following intervention, AB showed […]

Use of anticholinergics and the risk of cognitive impairment in an African American population

Background: Anticholinergic properties of certain medications often go unrecognized, and are frequently used by the elderly population. Few studies have yet defined the long-term impact of these medications on the incidence of cognitive impairment. Methods: We report a 6-year longitudinal, observational study, evaluating 1,652 community-dwelling African American subjects over the age of 70 years who […]

Statins and serum cholesterol’s associations with incident dementia and mild cognitive impairment

Background: Statin use and serum cholesterol reduction have been proposed as preventions for dementia and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Methods: 1604 and 1345 eligible participants from the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging (BLSA) were followed after age 50 for a median time of around 25 years, to examine the incidence of dementia (n = 259) […]

Effects of a controlled trial of aerobic exercise for mild cognitive impairment: A controlled trial

Objectives: To examine the effects of aerobic exercise on cognition and other biomarkers associated with Alzheimer disease pathology for older adults with mild cognitive impairment, and assess the role of sex as a predictor of response. Design: Six-month, randomized, controlled, clinical trial. Setting: Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System clinical research unit. Participants: Thirty-three […]

Randomized controlled trial of a Healthy Brain Ageing Cognitive Training program: Effects on memory, mood, and sleep

Background: With the rise in the ageing population and absence of a cure for dementia, cost-effective prevention strategies for those ‘at risk’ of dementia including those with depression and/or mild cognitive impairment are urgently required. Objective: This study evaluated the efficacy of a multifaceted Healthy Brain Ageing Cognitive Training (HBA-CT) program for older adults ‘at […]

Effect of B vitamins and lowering homocysteine on cognitive impairment in patients with previous stroke or transient ischemic attack: a prespecified secondary analysis of a randomized, placebo-controlled trial and meta-analysis

Background and Purpose: High plasma total homocysteine (tHcy) has been associated with cognitive impairment but lowering tHcy with B-vitamins has produced equivocal results. We aimed to determine whether B-vitamin supplementation would reduce tHcy and the incidence of new cognitive impairment among individuals with stroke or transient ischemic attack≥6 months previously.; Methods: A total of 8164 […]

Donepezil treatment of older adults with cognitive impairment and depression (DOTCODE study): clinical rationale and design

Treatment strategies for patients with depression and cognitive impairment (DEP-CI), who are at high risk to develop a clinical diagnosis of dementia, are not established. This issue is addressed in the donepezil treatment of cognitive impairment and depression (DOTCODE) pilot clinical trial. The DOTCODE study is the first long-term treatment trial that assesses differences in […]

The PREVENT research programme—A novel research programme to identify and manage midlife risk for dementia: The conceptual framework

It is clear that the neurodegenerative disease processes which cause dementias are initiated many years before the onset of symptoms. In people with mild cognitive impairment there is already good evidence available to suggest that many of the key pathologies are well established. The PREVENT research programme seeks to understand the origin point and sequence […]

English longitudinal study of aging: Can Internet/E-mail use reduce cognitive decline?

Background: Cognitive decline is a major risk factor for disability, dementia, and death. The use of Internet/E-mail, also known as digital literacy, might decrease dementia incidence among the older population. The aim was to investigate whether digital literacy might be associated with decreased cognitive decline in older adulthood. Methods: Data from the English Longitudinal Study […]

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